英语专业大三写作复习资料.pptVIP

Some Important Features of English Writing Culture: Time or life value --- save time, make full use of time Therefore, in communication, go to the point immediately / to be straight forward to save your own time and the audience’s time So it is with writing. To express or convey the writer’s ideas as soon as possible and save the time of the audience or reader, 1) Tell ideas directly or straight-forwardly with Proper linguistic diction and forms Correct, appropriate expressions (words, phrases) Precise (Try to recall the complex forms of N, V, Adj. and Adv. in English grammar for number, time, voice, aspect and mood. Why such? No ambiguity or vagueness. Concise (no redundancy) Proper (precise), appropriate and concise sentence structure (relative conjunctions/joints, periodic sentences)) Proper development patterns (Linear thought pattern --- top-down pattern (p270)) Always present the main idea at the beginning of a paper, chapter, section and paragraph (also, of a conversation) (Try to recall, where is the main idea of a paragraph or passage often located?) Precise idea presentation Ways for variety: 1. synonym / near synonym or antonym, superordinates or hyponyms, general words (p140) 2. change in part of speech 3. non-predicate phrases: participle, gerund, infinitive, (Ch 10-22 of Grmr. “Dangling modifiers” (p256 of Grmr) ) 4. clause (Ch 33-35 of Grmr) 5. nominative / nominal absolute structure (p375-378 of Grmr) 6. verbless structure (p373-374 of Grmr), 7. change in sentence pattern voice, periodical sentence; formal subject / object = 3，4 8. ellipsis (p128:3; p438-446 of Grmr) 9. substitution selection of pronouns (p127: 1-2; p427-437 and 91-92 of Grmr), selection of figures of speech (simile, metaphor, synecdoche, euphemism, hyperbole) 10. change in development pattern Loose Sentence This sentence is a basic statement with a string of details added to it after the basic statement. Basic statement: Bells rang. Loose sentence: Bells rang, f