有机物英文命名试卷.doc

附录七 有机物命名规则 有机物的英文名称 有机化合物英文名称要表示出碳链的长短和所带的基团种类。 The two basic features: ?a root indicating how many carbon atoms are in the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms a prefix and/or suffix to indicate the family to which the compound belongs. puts the three parts of the name (branch + root + family) together to form the compounds name, with the branch names prefixing the root, and the family name taking its usual form. 一，碳链的长短(root,烷烃为例) methane [甲烷] ;? ?甲基：methyl ethane ?[乙烷] ;?? 乙基：ethyl propane [丙烷]??? 丙基：（n, iso）propyl?? n-, 正，iso-异 butane ?[丁烷] ;?? 丁基 : ( n, iso, sec, 叔：tert ) butyl pe