中国文化第2章词汇与短语 词汇与短语.docxVIP

Chapter 2 philosophy and religion 词汇与短语confucianism [k?n?fyu???n?z?m] 英: [k?n?fju:??nizm]儒学；儒家；儒家思想taoism 美: [ta?.?z?m] 英: [ta?.?z(?)m] 道教；道家学说；mohism: [?m?uiz?m] 墨家思想；墨学legalism美: [liɡ(?)l.?z?m] 英: [li?ɡ?.l?z(?)m] 法家；法律主义confucius [k?nfju??s] 英: [k?nfju???s] 孔子mencius美: [m?n??rs] 英: [men???s] 孟子allegiance美: [?lid??ns] 英: [?li?d?(?)ns] 忠诚；忠贞；忠心benevolence, justice, allegiance and forbearance (仁、义、忠、恕) golden mean 中庸thegoldenmean is not a simpleaverageandcompromise,butunbiased,notlessandnot much.“中庸之道”不是简单的平均与折中，而是不偏不倚、不过不及。ethical: [eθ?k(?)l] 道德的；伦理的connected with beliefs and principles about what is right and wrongsocietal美: [s?sa??t(?)l] 社会的；关于社会的connected with society and the way it is organizedbe dutiful to 对有义务predominant [pr??d?m?n?nt] 显著的；明显的；盛行的most obvious or noticeablebe confined to 局限于embrace 信奉doctrine: [d?ktr?n]教义；主义；学说；信条a belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a Church, a political party, etc.Prolonged: [pr?l??d] 持久的；长期的continuing for a long timenon-action无为；无所作为；不行动. 顺从自然发展而自化，不加以人为的影响和干预。calamity [k?l?m?ti]灾害；祸患；不幸事件hostility: [h?st?l?ti] 敌对；敌对状态；敌视fatalism: [fe?t?l?z(?)m] 宿命论the belief that events are decided by fate and that you cannot control them; the fact of accepting that you cannot prevent sth from happeninguphold [?ph??ld] 支持，维护（正义等）to support sth that you think is right and make sure that it continues to existespouse: [?spa?z] 支持，拥护，赞成（信仰、政策等）to give your support to a belief, policy etc.affluence富裕；丰富；流入；汇集bureaucracy: [bj??r?kr?si] 官僚主义；官僚作风the system of official rules and ways of doing things that a government or an organization has, especially when these seem to be too complicated表示主张的词汇：advocate, hold, espouse; argue orthodox: [??(r)θ?d?ks] 普遍接受的；正统的；规范的generally accepted or approved of; following generally accepted beliefsinstitute a campaign= wage a war 发动一场运动（战争）be steeped into 沉浸于专心做condemnation: [.k?ndemne??(?)n] 谴责；指责an expression of very strong disapprovalupheaval美: [?phiv(?)l] 英: [?phi?v(?)l] 剧变；激变；动乱；动荡a big change that