高三英语第一轮复习：非谓语动词（三）冀教版知识精讲.doc

高三英语第一轮复习：非谓语动词（三）冀教版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 非谓语动词（三） 二. 教学过程： 6、动名词与不定式作主语、宾语的用法比较 作主语： （1）多数情况两者可以互换。例如：Seeing is believing.＝To see is to believe. Talking is easy and doing is difficult.＝To talk is easy and to do is difficult. （2）如果表示一种具体、短期的行为，或表示将来的行为，宜用不定式。例如： It took him two hours to finish the work. To be a scientist is his desire（愿望）. （3）如果表示一种经常性、习惯性的行为，一般用动名词。例如： Getting up early is a good habit. 2）作宾语： （1）有些动词跟不定式、动名词作宾语皆可，意义也差不多，主要有：begin, start, continue, love, prefer等。 （2）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，主要有：wish, hope, expect, demand, refuse, decide. （3）有些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语，已学过的这类词有：finish, imagine, admit, avoid, mind, miss, insist on, enjoy, escape, consider, can practise, put off（延迟）＝delay, suggestfeel like, look forward to, devote…to（doing）,be worth. （4）有些动词后跟不定式、动名词意义有明显差别，主要有：forget, remember, regret, stop, mean, try, want, need, require, go on forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事＝forget having done sth.＝forget to have done sth. remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth.记住做过某事 regret to do sth. 遗憾（要）做某事 regret doing sth. 懊悔做了某事 stop to do sth. 停下（原事）去做某事（不定式作目的状语） stop doing sth. 停止做某事 mean to do sth. 决意／打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味／表明做某事 try to do sth. 努力／设法去做某事 try doing sth. 试图／尝试用某一方法做某事 want/need/require to do sth. 要／想做某事 want/need/require dong. 需要／想要被 ⑧go on to do sth. 继续做不同的事 go on doing sth. 继续做相同的事 7. 使用现在分词的几个注意点： （1）作状语用的现在分词，其逻辑主语必须同句中主语为同一人或同一事，例如： （正）Standing on top of the tall building,we could see the whole city.（Standing＝When we stood） （误）Standing on top of the tall building,the whole city could be seen. Having found the cause, they continued the experiment. （Having found＝After/When they had found） Having found the cause, the experiment continued. （2）短暂动词（即瞬间动词）的现在分词被动式不可作宾补或定语。例如： He saw the old man knocked down by the car.（kncked down不可改为being knocked down或having being kncked down） Do you like the dictionary bought by Zhang Ming?（bought不可改为be