Security Issues.doc

CS 105 Course Outline SECURITY ISSUES (Fred Geldon) I. Covert Government surveillance A. Fourth Amendment “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.” B. Wiretaps Federal Communications Act of 1934 banned interception without consent Specifically allowed (with warrant) in Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 Wiretapping regulations extended to electronic communications by Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 Test: Is there reasonable expectation of privacy? C. Operation Shamrock in WWII - NSA Continuation of World War II interception of international telegrams D. Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (CALEA) Telecommunications equipment must be designed to allow government (with court order) to intercept telephone communications, trace $500 Million authorized for modification of HW, SW Information services (“Voice Over IP”) exempt from design requirement E. USA PATRIOT Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act) (October 26, 2001) 1. Greater authority to monitor communications Greater powers to regulate banks Greater border controls But 2. Pen registers on Web browsers – reveal URL Roving surveillance Searches and seizures without warrants Warrants issued without showing of probable cause Service providers (ISP’s) can be required to provide subscribers’ web browsing info, email. Libraries - fighting disclosure of borrowing information 3. FBI claims law enforcement benefits Charges, convictions But Are attacks prevented Wrongful charges and abuses “Sunset” provisions renewed in 2005 4. Extraterritorial application? – can prosecute if in