【创新设计】(四川·教师专用)2015届英语高考总复习教师文档：第二部分语法专题突破专题三非谓语动词要点.doc

从近三年高考来看，在对非谓语动词的考查中非谓语动词作状语依然为考查的重点，并已从作状语的一枝独秀向作定语或其他成分发展。测试点呈现出“情景化”和“设问角度多样化”的趋势。 一、作状语 (1)不定式作状语，常表示目的、结果或原因： He hurried home only to find his money stolen.(结果状语) To make himself heard, he raised his voice.(目的状语) All of us are surprised to see his rapid progress. (原因状语) The room is comfortable to live in. These children are too naughty to look after. 注意：①only to do 常表示意想不到或不愉快的结果。 ②in order to引出的目的状语可以在句首或句末，so as to只能置于句末。 ③不定式置于形容词之后作状语时，如果不定式可以和逻辑主语构成一种动宾关系，那么不定式用主动表示被动。 (2)现在分词和过去分词作状语可表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式、结果： Seen from the top of the hill, the town is beautiful.(条件状语) Coming into the room, he found his father angry.(时间状语) Being tired, they went on working.(让步状语) Having been hit by the big boy on the nose, the little boy began to cry.(原因状语) He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased.(伴随状语) The rich man died, leaving his wife a lot of money. (结果状语) (3) 现在分词表示自然而然的结果；不定式表示意想不到的结果，其前常加only。试比较： More highways have been built in China，making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. 中国又建了更多公路，这使得人们出行变得更加容易了。 I arrived at the station in a hurry，only to find the train had left. 我匆忙到达车站，结果却发现火车已经开走了。 (4) 在形容词后作方式状语时用不定式，常用主动形式表示被动含义 Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier to break into small pieces.(2011·安徽卷) 汤姆问糖果制造商是否可以把巧克力制作得更容易弄碎些。 注意： ①非谓语作独立成分的固定搭配： To tell you the truth/to be honest/to be frank, I dont like the way he talked. Judging from (by) his appearance, he must be an actor. Generally speaking, girls are more careful. ②be＋过去分词＋介词，位于句首作状语或者作定语时，把be动词删去，过去分词充当形容词表状态。 Absorbed in his own work, he neglected food and sleep. The woman dressed in red is my English teacher. 常见的搭配有：be based on, be dressed in, be concerned about, be filled with, be faced with, be satisfied with, be accustomed to (习惯)，be addicted to(沉溺于)，be devoted to，be known as, be determined to do，be absorbed in(全神贯注)，be lost in(陷入)，be situated/located in/at(位于)等。