CET4新题型汉译英段落翻译技巧解析.ppt

（2）状语的位置 原文：我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世 界，一片喧闹。 译文：Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden. （状语前置） 原文：我吃了晚饭后出去散步。 译文：I went out for a walk after I had my dinner. / After I had my dinner, I went out for a walk. 分析: 汉语按事情发生先后叙述，而英语中时间状语从句可 在主句前，也可在主句后。 原文：他本来在天津开会，会议一结束，他就上北京去度假了，昨天才坐飞机回来。 译文：He had flown yesterday from Beijing where he spent his vacation after finishing the meeting he had taken part in Tianjin. 分析：多个时间状语出现时，汉语按时间先后顺序排列，而英语中状语的顺序则比较灵活。 原文：他是1970 年5月20日在北京朝阳区出生的。 译文：He was born in Chaoyang District of Beijing on May 20, 1970. 分析：汉语中时间状语在地点状语之前，时间状语与地点状语按从大到小的顺序排列，而英语中地点状语在时间状语之前，时间状语与地点状语按从小到大的顺序排列。 3. 正反转换 人们在叙述同一事物或表达同一思想时，可以正说，也可以反说，汉语如此，英语也如此。例如：他是外乡人。他不是本地人。通常情况下，汉译英采用对应译法，即正说正译，反说反译。 原文：花在许多人家里开放着。 译文：In many little gardens flowers were in bloom。 原文：黄鼠狼给鸡拜年，不怀好心。 译文：The weasel goes to pay respects to the hen without the best of intentions. 但是由于汉英两种语言表达习惯不同，在很多情 况下会出现正说反译，反说正译的情况。 (1)正说反译 原文：我完全同意。 译文：I cant agree with you more. 原文：你们大错特错了。 译文：You couldnt be more mistaken. 原文：他为这件事竭尽全力。 译文： He spared no pains/efforts in doing this. (2)反说正译 在汉译英中，反说正译的情况非常普遍，这是由于英语中有大量表达否定意义的词汇可以替代汉语的否定表达。 名词： absence, failure, refusal, ignorance, neglect, exclusion 等等。 他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。 His absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident. 我们完全不知道他的计划。 We are in complete ignorance of his plan. 他未能履行诺言，我们大家都很失望。 His failure to carry out his promise has disappointed everyone of us. 动词：fail, miss, lack, ignore, refuse, neglect, deny, overlook, exclude等等。 使我们失望的是他不顾大局。 To our disappointment, he failed to take the overall situation into account. 他上火车站去接他的朋友，可是未能在人群中见到他。 He went to the station to meet his friend, but he missed him in the crowd. 形容词和形容词短语：free from, far from, safe from, few, little, short 这次演出根本没有失败，而是十分成功。 The show was far from being a failure; it was a great success. 他的作文几乎没有语法错误。 There are few gramma