8.09_pm_凝聚态物理现象理论与计算_I_周森..ppt

Spin liquid state on a S=1/2 Kagome lattice Most frustrated 2D lattice ? Slave-boson for projected Hilbert space: Spinless boson Spin-carrying fermion (spinon) Each site is and must be occupied by either a boson or a fermion Constraints → equality: Enforced by Lagrange multipliers completeness Slave-boson formulation of the t-J model Slave-boson mean-field theory RVB decoupling of exchange interaction: Paramagnetic valence bond Spin-singlet pairing Uniform mean-field solution: τij – symmetry of the pair: s-wave, d-wave, … Not in AFM Doping Concentration x T d-SC SG incoherent metal Fermi liquid Kotliar and Liu, PRB38, 5142 (1988). Bose condensation Spinon pairing antinode node Superexchange → d-wave SC PG: spin pairing gap Tc is set by phase coherence below optimal doping Uniform mean-field phase diagram * Biological systems involve correlations of large numbers of designed, active elements operating highly out of equilibrium, on many length scales simultaneously. Arrhythmia 心律不齐 myofibril 肌原纤维 myosin 肌凝蛋白 * 强关联电子体系 ― 现象、理论与计算略讲 周森 中国科学院理论物理研究所 2012年8月9日 2012年理论物理研究生暑期学校 凝聚态物理 ― 现象、理论与计算 Correlation: motion of one influences the others Uncorrelated: Light traffic = “ideal gas” Correlations and emergence Correlations: jammed (Emergence) Controlled correlations: Fast and efficient Correlations and emergence are everywhere. Correlated particles: electrons, atoms, molecules, grains, biological structures, cars… Biological correlations The human heart is developmentally programmed to occur in the same position again and again. Atomic/molecular correlations Self-assembling of nano-metals in a solution Single crystal: very strong correlations Packing of ions in metallic glasses Electronic correlations 1 cm3 of matter ~ 1023 atoms, electrons Weak correlations ?conventional material, semiconductor Strong correlations ? unique materials/device properties ? Superconductivity ? Magnetism ? Spin-charge coupling, e.g. multiferroics ? Spin-o