[工程地质与桥涵水文.pptVIP

黑耀岩 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 浮石 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 二、沉积岩 沉积岩是指在地表或接近于地表的岩石遭受风化剥蚀破坏的产物，经搬运、沉积和固结成岩作用而形成的岩石。 沉积岩在地表分布极广，出露面积约占陆地表面积的75%。 沉积岩的形成过程是一个长期而复杂的外力地质作用过程，一般可分为四个阶段： 1.松散破碎阶段； 2.搬运作用阶段； 3.沉积作用阶段； 4. 固结成岩阶段 。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 沉积岩是怎样形成的 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (一)沉积岩的成分 1.碎屑矿物(石英、长石) 2.粘土矿物（高岭石、 蒙脱石、 伊利石） 3.化学沉积矿物（方解石、 白云石 、石膏 ） （二）沉积岩的结构和构造 1.结构 砾状 2mm (1)碎屑结构 ： 砂质 2~0.05mm 粉砂质 0.05mm~0.005mm 胶结类型：硅质 泥质 铁质 钙质 (2)泥质结构 ( 0.005mm) (3)结晶结构 (4)生物结构 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 沉积岩的结构特征 砂粒 粉粒 粘粒 砂粒 孔隙 胶结物 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.