l扬大研究生英语期末考试翻译.docxVIP

An abstract serves an important function in a research report. It communicates the scope of your paper and the topics discussed to your reader. In doing so, it facilitates research. Abstracts help scientists to locate materials that are relevant to their research from among published papers, and many times scientists will only read a paper’s abstract in order to determine whether the paper will be relevant to them. Considering your audience and their needs will help you to determine what should be included in your abstract.——摘要在一份研究报告中发挥着重要作用。它把你论文的范围和讨论的主题传达给读者。这样做有利于研究。摘要帮助科学家从发表的论文中找到与他们研究相关的文献资料，科学家常常只阅读一篇论文的摘要从而决定此论文是否与他们的研究有关。考虑到你的读者和他们的需求会将帮助你决定摘要该包含什么。An informative abstract acts as a report in miniature, encapsulating the whole paper. It summarizes the key information from every major section in the body of the report, and provides the key facts and conclusions from the body of the report. A good way to develop an informative abstract is to devote a sentence or two to each of the major parts of the report. If space permits, you can provide contextual information such as background of the problem and the significance of the research, but you can also omit contextual information because the abstract is not supposed to serve as an introduction to the subject matter of the reportyour introduction will serve that role. You should, however, include key numerical facts to make the informative abstract brief and readers will not be surprised to see key data in an informative abstract.——信息性摘要作为微型报告，概括整篇论文。它总结了报告主体各个主要部分的关键信息，并且提供了报告主体的关键事实和结论。写信息摘要的一个很好的方法就是从报告的每一主要部分提炼一两句话。如果篇幅允许，你可以提供给一些类上下文信息，如问题背景和研究的意义，但是你也可以省略这些信息，因为摘要不应作为文章主要内容的介绍，而你的引言担当这一角色。你应该无论如何要包含关键数据从而使得信息摘要简洁明了，并且读者不会在信息摘要中看到关键数据而惊讶。An indicative abstract (sometimes called descriptive abstract) merely includes information about the purpose, scope and methods used to arrive at the findings contained in the original document.The function of indicative abstract is to help readers understand the general n