英语专八人文知识背诵资料汇总..docx

Ge o GeographyGreat BritainAmericaCanadaAustraliaNew ZealandmountainBen Nevis(Highest mountain)Scafell(highest peak)The Pennies(mountain chain)Rocky Mountains(‘backbone ‘or ‘continental divide’)The great central plainThe Appalachian mountainsMount Logan(highest peak)Mount cook(highest peak)Mount ruapehu(highest hill in north island)riverSevern River(longest)Thames River(most important)the Mississippi river(‘father of waters,’ old man river’)Ohio river(‘American Ruhr’)St. Lawrence(most important)the Mackenzie(longest)The Murray river(longest and Biggest)Lake Taupo(largest)lakesLough Neigh(largest)Loch Lomond(largest in Scot)Windermere(largest in England)Lake Vyrnwy(largest in Wales)The great lakeslake Michigan: entirely in USothers: Superior, Huron, Erie, OntarioGreat bear lake(largest)Great slave lake(deepest)The great lakesLake Eyre(largest)The Clutha river(largest in southWaikato river and Wanganui river(largest in north)climateMaritime typeReasons: surrounding watersThe prevailing southeast windsThe North Atlantic DriftNortheastern: humid continental climateSoutheastern: humid subtropical climateThe great plains: continentalSteppe climateIntermountain: continentalDesert climatePacific northwest: maritimeclimateMainly: temperate continental climateThe north: polar climateThe west: Temperate Maritime ClimateDesert or semiaridPlants: Eucalypts, wattlesAnimals: kangaroos, emus,budgerigarsFrom cool temperate to warm temperate(January—warmest, July—coldest)Christchurch—the driest cityAuckland—the wettest cityReasons: its latitude zoneOceanic environmentMountains especially the southern AlpsEthnic groupsFirst settlers: the IberiansThe English(mainly) :Anglo-SaxonThe Scottish, the welsh, theIrish, the north Irish: CeltsOriginal habitant s：IndianImmigrants from all over the world(mainly from EuropeOriginal habitant s:the Eskimos or Inuit and IndiansImmigrations(mainly descendant of Britain and France)First inhabitants: indigenousAustraliansImmigration(mainly fromBritain)