车床的电气改造设计---带CAD图纸与PLC变频器等..docx

摘 要摘　要: 20世纪人类社会最伟大的科技成果是计算机的发明与应用，数控技术被认为是20世纪制造业最神奇、最具有成果的进展。自从1952年美国第l台数控车床问世至今已经历了50多个年头，特别是近lO年来，数控技术有了巨大进步，数控车床向着高速化、高精度化发展，复合加工、新结构车床大量出现。中国是一个传统的机械制造大国，但其装备水平落后，特别是一些老的机械制造厂大多还是比较旧的车床，这些旧的数控车床不能满足现代客户的加工要求，如：加工精度，小批量生产等。解决这个问题有两种途径：一是购买新的数控车床；二是在旧的车床基础上进行数控化改造。本设计是针对普通车床C6140进行数控化改造，其现实意义在于寻找一种可行的、有推广价值的设备改造方法，对传统机械制造行业的技术装备进行技术提升，以解决目前设备老化所带来的问题。同时介绍可编程控制器(PLC)的原理、组成以及编程，具体在C6140车床改造中的应用，对PLC在数控系统控制下所完成的控制功能作简单阐述, 并介绍了可编程控制器（PLC）应用于车床控制系统的控制原理;系统设计方法;输入、输出点数确定;程序设计及手动操作梯形图设计，并给出了PLC的控制电路接线图和梯形图。因此，本系统采用经验设计法为主的设计方法，取得了良好的效果。关键词 : 车床；可编程控制器PLC；梯形图AbstractAbstract:?The 20th century, human societys greatest scientific and technological achievements are the invention and application of computer, numerical control technology is considered the 20th century the most magical manufacturing，the most fruitful progress．Since 1 952 the United States No．1 since the advent of CNC lathe has undergone more than 50 years，especially in the past 10 years，numerical control technology has been tremendous progress toward the high-speed CNC lathes，high precision．development, composite processing，the new structure machine tools have emerged．China is a traditional mechanical manufacturing power, but the level of its equipment behind，especially some old factories are mostly mechanical or older lathes，CNC lathe these old should not meet the modem customer process远g requirements，such as machining accuracy ,small mass production, etc．To solve this problem there is two ways：First, purchase a new CNC system；Second，at the old foundation on CNC lathe transformation．?The C6140 is designed for CNC Lathe for the transformation, and its practical significance is to find a feasible and promote the value of the equipment modification method, the traditional machinery manufacturing industry, technology and equipment for technology upgrading in order to resolve the current caused by aging equipment problems. Programmable logic controller is also introduced (PLC) principles, composition and progr