汽車专业英语unit1.docVIP

UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS 背景知识：本节主要介绍汽车的基本组件。 Four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment. Engine: acts as the power unit. There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine). Body: It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. Chassis: support engine and any other assembly parts. It includes power train, running gear, and steering and brake system. Power train（传动系）：― conveys the drive to the wheels. Include: clutch、gear box（变速器）、universal joint、propeller shaft（传动轴）、drive axle（驱动桥）。 Running gear（行驶系）：― support the vehicle and ensure it stable running. Include: frame（车架）、axle housing（桥壳）、suspension（悬架）、wheel（车轮）。 Steering（转向系）：― controls the direction of the movement. Include: steering wheel, column（转向管柱）,steering gears（转向器）, linkages（转向传动机构）. Brake（制动系）：― slows down the vehicle. Include: brake pedal, master cylinder, brake lines（油管），brake cylinder（制动缸）and brakes（制动器）。 New Words: 课文翻译： Automobiles, trucks, and buses are essential forms of transportation. They are complex machines made up of many parts. These parts can be grouped into a number of systems. An understanding of how the systems work will help you understand how the automobile works. 汽车、卡车和客车是交通运输工具的基本组成部分。它们是由多个零件构成的复杂机械系统。这些零件可以组合成许多系统，因此了解各个系统如何工作有助于理解汽车是如何工作的。 An automobile can be divided into two basic parts—a body and a chassis. The body is the enclosure that houses the engine, passengers, and cargo. It is the part of the automobile that you see. The chassis is that part of the automobile beneath the body. Figure 1-1. 汽车可被分成两个主要的部件，车身和底盘。车身是覆盖发动机、乘客和货物的外壳，也就是你所看到的部分。底盘则是位于车身下方的部分。如图1－1所示。 1.1 The Body An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deck built into it. It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. For example, insulation in the b