《农民自主意识与农村治4.docVIP

农民自主意识与农村治理 ——以云南省鹤庆县黄坪镇为例 戴琳 2007014116 摘要：科学发展观是时代发展的主题，“以人为本”则是科学发展观的核心内涵，把以人为本落实到建设新农村中去，最基本的内涵就是要以农民为主体，即农民是建设新农村的基本依靠力量。只有这样才能最广泛、最充分地调动农民建设新农村的积极性、主动性和创造性。以农民为主体，这也是由新农村建设的长期性、艰巨性和复杂性所决定的农民作为的主体，只有强化农民的主体意识，才能促进农民在新农村建设的积极性。Abstract: The scientific concept of development is the development of the times the theme of people first is the scientific concept of development of the core substance, the people-oriented implementation of the construction of new countryside to the most basic meaning is to the farmers as the main body, that farmers are building a new countryside?The basic dependent force.?The only way to the most extensive and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers building new countryside, initiative and creativity.?To farmers as the main body, which is building the new rural long-term, arduous and complex nature of the decision.?Farmers as the main body of rural society, rural development and governance on a leading role, subject only to strengthen awareness of the farmers in order to promote the construction of new countryside farmer enthusiasm. Self-awareness and stimulate the farmers to establish the dominant position of farmers, to play the main role of farmers, both adhere to the scientific concept of development crucial to lead the development of urban and rural areas, but also to strengthen rural governance, and building a socialist new countryside key to success. Keywords:?Farmers;?ownership;?rural?governance 前言 当代中国的改革从农村起步，走的是一条“农村包围城市”的道路，三十年间，农村改革极大地解放和发展了生产力，农民生活得到了改善，农村和农业的发展取得了举世瞩目的成就。但鉴于中国的现实国情，农民问题仍是我国亟需解决的主要问题，也是党和国家一直致力解决的重大战略问题。新中国的建立使得农民“翻身做了主人”，但由于历史和现实、主观和客观等多种原因，农民的自主意识并未充分形成并发挥出来应有的作用。农民作为农村社会的主体，其主体意识的有无和能动性的发挥程度对于农村治理绩效（是否是专业词汇，我听着觉得有点憋口）的好坏至关重要。实际上，农村所有问题的解决都与此有关。试想没有主观能动性的农民，如何能促使农业经济持续向前发展呢？新农村建设归根到底是要提升农民的自主意识，而不是要一味地靠国家投入。全镇有2所初级中学，16所中心完小，30个教学点，有公办教师246人，代课教师48人，在校学生4481人，适龄儿童入学率100%随着社会主义新农村建设的深入开展，本应作为建设主体的农民，却在实践中还没有充分发挥应有的积极作用。唱主角参与率不高，主力军作用不明显，自我管理机制不健全，主体意识“缺位”严重，给新农村建设工作带来了新的挑战土地