改善管理方法控制猪的传染性疾病幻灯片.pptVIP

Control of infectious porcine diseases by improving management methods改善管理方法控制猪的传染性疾病 Andrew J Taylor BA VetMB MRCVS Veterinary Consultant 兽医顾问 British Pig Association/ 英国猪协会 British Livestock Genetics Consortium Ltd United Kingdom 英国家畜遗传协会 Introduction 引言 Emergence of new diseases in UK in 1990’s forced reassessment of production systems. 20世纪90年代在英国出现的新的猪病迫使人们重新评估现有的生产系统. Where vaccines not available, eg PMWS/PDNS, must improve management methods to control disease 如果没有疫苗, 如PMWS/PDNS，必须采用改进管理方法来控制疾病 Even where vaccines are available, eg PRRS, use without improved management may not work 即使有了疫苗,如 PRRS,离开了管理仍然可能不起作用 This presentation will cover the basic methods that ALL herds should adopt to help control infectious diseases 本文将涵盖各种基本方法,所有的畜群都可采取这些方法帮助控制传染性疾病 Because each outbreak is different, methods used must be adapted to circumstances on each individual farm 因为每次疾病爆发的情况不同,每个场必须针对各自情况采用合适的方法 Principles of disease control疾病控制的原则 Must decide whether objective is to “control” the clinical disease, ie live with it, or to eradicate it 必须明确目标是为了“控制”疾病，即与它共存，还是要根除疾病 Integral part of control measures is usually a reduction in pig numbers in a structured way: 总的来说，控制措施通常是以合理的方式减少猪只数量 To break cycle of infection 切断传染通径 To allow proper disinfection of facilities 对设备进行正确的消毒 Can achieve this partial depopulation by a break in farrowing, which creates a “bubble” that can be walked through the system, eliminating virus from the farm 通过中断产仔来实现部分消除，它产生一个可以在系统中游动的“泡沫“，清除场内的病毒 Total depopulation is only feasible in small herds 只有在小群中才可能实现完全根除 Transmission of disease 疾病的传播 By direct contact between pigs 通过猪只 间的直接接触 Nasal secretions, saliva, faeces, urine 鼻腔分泌物、唾液、粪便、尿 Permanently populated houses maintain disease 长期饲养的圈舍携带疾病 Infectious agent may cross placenta during pregnancy, producing piglets infected at birth 在妊娠期通过胎盘垂直传播，出生小猪携带疾病 Movement of carrier pigs into and within farm 病原携带猪只在场内的流动或由外部引入 Mechanical means eg vehicl