98K皮肤最终重点.docx

98K七年制皮肤重点题型：选择（中文）名解填空简答（都是英文出英文答）本份资料老师根据书和课件整理，老师说都背会了能达到65分，最好再看看书上的第二章！个别题目是我自己翻译的，如有不妥之处，还请同学理解哦！如果想达到80分，请参考后附的第一次课老师画的重点，主要会出现在选择题里。 ——ZMR原发性皮损(Primary leision)有哪8个？（填空，简答）先锋P1191.斑疹（macule）2.斑块（plaque）3.丘疹（papule）4.风团（wheal）5.水疱(vesicle)6.脓疱(pustule)7.结节(nodule)8.囊肿(cyst)特殊类型荨麻疹special types of Urticaria（书上和先锋的不一样。。）胆碱能性荨麻疹Cholinergic urticaria接触性荨麻疹contact urticaria 水源性荨麻疹aquagenic urticaria运动性荨麻疹Exercise urticaria药疹定义drug eruptionsInflammatory reactions on skin or mucosa after intake of medicine, via oral, inhale, injections, etc., but not topical. Severe reactions cause multi-systemic involvement接触性皮炎的临床表现Clinical manifestations of contact dermatitis Acute ACD is characterized by pruritic papules and vesicles on an erythematous base. Lichenified pruritic plaques may manifest chronic ACD. Could resolve itself if the irritants are rid of Specific types：cosmetic dermatitis, diaper dermatitis湿疹的定义eczemasuperficial skin inflammation, characterized histologically by epidermal edema and clinically by vesicles (when acute), ill defined redness, edema, oozing, crusting, scaling, usually pruritus, and lichenification caused by scratching or rubbing.湿疹是由多种内外因素引起的真皮浅层及表皮炎症，临床上急性皮损以丘疱疹为主，有渗出倾向，慢性期以苔藓样变为主，易反复发作。急性湿疹和急性接触性皮炎的区别the difference between acute eczema and acute contact dermatitis(先锋P125,课件也木有英文，表格大家自行翻译吧！)特异性皮炎的威廉姆斯诊断标准Williams diagnostic criteria for specific dermatitisPruritis lasting over 12 months, with three or more of the following featuresonset before 2yrs.flexural skin are involvedxerosispersonal or family history of atopic disease (asthma,allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis) visible eczematoid eruptions on flexural region系统性红斑狼疮的诊断标准diagnostic criteria for SLEMalar rash Discoid rash Photosensitivity (skin) Oral ulcers (oral or nasopharyngeal, usually painless) Arthritis (nonerosive) Serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis) Renal involvement (proteinuria, cellular casts) Neurologic disorder (seizures, psychosis) Hematologic disease (leukopenia, thrombo