oddparity奇校验.pptVIP

* T= n bit frame to be transmitted 发送出去的帧（n bits） D= k bit message, the first k bits of T 数据（k bits） F= n-k bit FCS, the last n-k bits of T 校验码（n-k）bits P=pattern of n-k+1 bits; this is the predetermined divisor 生成多项式或除数（n-k+1）bit （1） 发送帧由数据和校验码构成，在D的末尾添加（n-k）个0 （2） 长除法 商 余数 CRC的原理 p180 quotient remainder * （3） Use this remainder as the FCS 发送帧由数据和余数构成 在接收端： 将T/P,若传输正确，余数将为0。 （4） （5） 根据公式（2），可化简为公式（5）。 （6） 模2运算，相同相加为0。 没有余数。 若T在传输中发生错误，在接收端进行T/P运算，余数将不为0。 * Polynomials （生成多项式） P182 CRC 也可表示成多项式形式： For P=110011, P(X)=X5+X4+X+1 常用的生成多项式： CRC-12 = x12 + x11 + x3 + x2 + x + 1 CRC-16 = x16 + x15 + x2 + 1 CRC-CCITT = x16 + x12 + x5 + 1 使用偶校验计算下列字符的校验位： 0011011 用生成多项式x3+1去除x7+x5+1，所得余数是多少？ * Reflection questions and exercises 0 0011011 校验位为0 被除数 除数 1001 商 10110 余数 111 * Terms and Concepts * For a given frame of bits, additional bits that constitute an error-detecting code are added by the transmitter. This code is calculated as a function of the other transmitted bits. The receiver performs the same calculation and compares the two results. A detected error occurs if and only if there is a mismatch. Thus P3 is the probability that a frame contains errors and that the error-detection scheme will detect that fact. P2 is known as the residual error rate and is the probability that an error will be undetected despite the use of an error-detection scheme. * Part Two Data communications Data and Computer Communications Main Contents Chap. 3 Data Transmission Chap. 4 Transmission Media Chap. 5 Signal Encoding Techniques Chap. 6 Digital Data Communication Techniques Key Points Digital and analog signals Guided transmission media Signal encoding and data transmission Error detection：CRC calculation * Chapter 3 Data Transmission Simplex 单工 One direction e.g. Television Half duplex 半双工 Either direction, bu