《长难句翻译讲义1.docxVIP

长难句翻译讲义201409025 Version 1姓名：年级：学校：导语整个托福考试中，阅读是一门决定性的科目，如果该科目的分数迟迟没有上来那么其他科目基本很难上来（大概率事件），而影响阅读分数的主要因素为词汇和长难句理解，所以如果你要提高你的阅读分数，你必须在词汇和长难句理解两方面下功夫：词汇这块建议选择一本托福词汇书进行记忆，至少来回记忆3遍，理想情况下是记忆10遍（已经把遗忘这个因素也考虑了进去），最初记忆的时候先争取尽量把词汇书过完一遍，一般每天记忆100个单词（至少50个每天/至多150个每天），后期记忆的时候再考虑把单词的意思记牢靠，此外你不需要把词汇书的全部单词都掌握（如果可以最好），掌握其中的80%以上就可以了；长难句这块，大量的实践证明翻译托福阅读真题中的长句子是提高阅读篇章理解的有效途径，长难句理解能力的高低往往是你英语语法水平的一个反应，如果你翻译不好换句话说你的语法水平肯定也不好，而课上讲单纯的语法知识容易让人疲劳且效果不一定，所以我们把它转换成相对效果会好一些的句子翻译作业，用以提高你的语法水平。最后，请你知晓作业只是帮助你提高英语水平的一种途径而并非目的，如果你感觉作业过多，可少做（最少不能低于50%）但不能不做。长难句翻译作业要求：1. 每天5句或隔天5句，生词可查字典，专有名词可不翻译；2. 请多关注翻译的质量，尽量保证你和其他的地球人都能看懂；长难句翻译99句Within a vertical distance of just a few tens of meters, trees disappear as a life-form and are replaced by low shrubs, herbs, and grasses. TPO1-1This is particularly true for trees in the middle and upper latitudes, which tend to attain greater heights on ridges, whereas in the tropics the trees reach their greater heights in the valleys. TPO1-1Immediately adjacent to the timberline, the tundra consists of a fairly complete cover of low-lying shrubs, herbs, and grasses, while higher up the number and diversity of species decrease until there is much bare ground with occasional mosses and lichens and some prostrate cushion plants. TPO1-1In seeking to describe the origins of theater, one must rely primarily on speculation, since there is little concrete evidence on which to draw. TPO1-2Although origin in ritual has long been the most popular, it is by no means the only theory about how the theater came into being. TPO1-2Another, advanced in the twentieth century, suggests that humans have a gift for fantasy, through which they seek to reshape reality into more satisfying forms than those encountered in daily life. TPO1-2Ordinary meteoric water is water that has soaked into the ground from the surface, from precipitation (rain and snow) and from lakes and streams. TPO1-3It is held there by the force of surface tension without which water would drain instantly from any wet