计算机专业英语剖析.docx

计算机专业英语（Computer English）Chapter 8 The Internet: Technology Background Requirements: 了解Internet的起源掌握Internet的关键技术概念描述 Internet协议与应用程序的作用解释当前Internet的结构理解当前Internet的局限描述Internet II的潜在作用掌握英语长句的翻译技巧8.1 The Internet: Technology Background What is the Internet? Where did it come from, and how did it support the growth of the World Wide Web? What are the Internet’s most important operating principles? The Internet is an interconnected network of thousands of networks and millions of computers (sometimes called host computers or just hosts) linking businesses, educational institutions, government agencies, and individuals together. The Internet provides around 400 million people around the world (and over 170 million people in the United States) with services such as e-mail, newsgroups, shopping, research, instant messaging, music, videos, and news. No one organization controls the Internet or how it functions, nor is it owned by anybody, yet it has provided the infrastructure for a transformation in commerce, scientific research, and culture. 因特网是什么? 它来自何处，和它如何支持万维网的增长? 因特网最重要的运行原则是什么?因特网是成千上万的网络和数以百万计的计算机(有时被称为主机计算机或主机)将企业、教育机构、政府机关和个人联结起来的一个互联网络。因特网为全球大约4亿人(其中美国1.7亿多人)提供诸如电子邮件、新闻讨论组、购物、研究、即时信息、音乐、视频和新闻等服务。没有任何组织控制因特网或它的运作,它也不被任何人所拥有,尽管它为商业交易、科学研究和文化提供基础设施。The word Internet is derived from the word internetwork or the connecting together of two or more computer networks. The World Wide Web, or Web for short, is one of the Internet’s most popular services, providing access to over one billion Web pages, which are documents created in a programming language called HTML and which can contain text, graphics, audio, video, and other objects, as well as “hyperlinks” that permit a user to jump easily from one page to another. 因特网(Internet)一词起源于互联网络(internetwork)或两个或更多的计算机网络联接在一起。全球信息网,或简称万维网,是因特网上最流行的服务之一,提供对10亿多网页的访问，这些网页是由一种叫做HTML(超文本链接标示语言)编程语言生成的文件，它可以包含本文、图形、声频、视频和其他对象、以及允许用户容易地跳跃到其他网页的“超链接”。8.1.1 THE EVOLUTION OF THE INTERNET 1961–2000 Internet I—today’s Internet—has evol