第4章物化[精选].pptVIP

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY _ Chapter 4 阚子规 ziguik@ Phase: Distillation and Rectification Rectification p x2 [T] T x2 [p] 正偏差 4.3 Binary Systems of Completely Miscible Liquids p x2 [T] T x2 [p] 较大 正偏差 p x2 [T] T x2 [P] 理想溶液 4.3 Binary Systems of Completely Miscible Liquids p x2 [T] T x2 [p] 负偏差 4.3 Binary Systems of Completely Miscible Liquids p x2 [T] T x2 [p] 负偏差 p x2 [T] T x2 [p] 较大 负偏差 4.3 Binary Systems of Completely Miscible Liquids 恒压相图的测定 Boiling Point Apparatus 4.3 Binary Systems of Completely Miscible Liquids 4.3 Binary Systems of Completely Miscible Liquids 4.3 Binary Systems of Completely Miscible Liquids G L y1 T1 x1 x1 T2 y2 x2 T A B xA [p] x１:原始溶液 y１:第一缕气相 x2: 剩余溶液 y２:最后一缕气相 4.3 Binary Systems of Completely Miscible Liquids x0 y0 T0 B A xB T x2 y2 x1 y1 T2 T1 x3 y3 x4 y4 进料 加热棒 T3 T4 塔顶得低沸点物，塔底得高沸点物 4.3 Binary Systems of Completely Miscible Liquids 塔顶得低沸点物，塔底得高沸点物 T x2 [p] Binary Systems Liquid-Liquid Solid-Solid Completely Miscible Partial Miscible Completely imMiscible Completely Miscible Partial Miscible Completely imMiscible 4.4 Binary Systems of Partial Miscible Liquids T n-C4H9OH H2O x [p] 最高临界溶解温度 293K e g f conjugate solutions 303K 283K 4.4 Binary Systems of Partial Miscible Liquids T (C2H5)3N H2O x [p] 最低临界溶解温度 conjugate solutions 4.4 Binary Systems of Partial Miscible Liquids T 烟碱 H2O x [p] 最低临界溶解温度 最高临界溶解温度 conjugate solutions 4.4 Binary Systems of Partial Miscible Liquids T 乙醚 H2O x [p] Conjugate solutions Binary Systems Liquid-Liquid Solid-Solid Completely Miscible Partial Miscible Completely imMiscible Completely Miscible Partial Miscible Completely imMiscible 4.5 Binary Systems of Completely imMiscible Liquids 如果A、B 两种液体彼此互溶程度极小，以致可忽略不计——完全不互溶 当两种液体共存时，不管其相对数量如何，其总蒸气压恒大于任一组分的蒸气压，而沸点则恒低于任一组分的沸点。 A与B共存时，各组分的蒸气压与单独存在时一样，则： 4.5 Binary Systems of Completely imMiscible Liquids C6H5Cl p pA＊ pＢ＊ H