论人格权制度的重构..docVIP

论人格权制度的重构 摘要：对人格权的保护，已成为衡量一国法律先进与否之标志。而我国关于人格权的立法并不完善。本文研究人格权制度，旨在使人们充分认识到我国人格权制度的不足，从而全面认识和深刻理解人格权制度的应然内容。对此，本文从以下五个方面进行论述：一、首先介绍了人格权的概念、特征和本质。二、分析了我国现行人格权制度规定的缺失：整体内容上过于简略，缺乏一般人格权的规定，对具体人格权的规定也不完善，人格权的民法保护手段也不具体。此外，还缺少对死者、胎儿人格利益的延伸保护。三、制定完善的人格权法，应该合理安排人格权法在民法典中的位置。将人格权制度规定在主体制度中是不合适的，应该将人格权制度单独成编。对于人格权编的体例设计，笔者建议分为两章，第一章规定人格权的一般规定，第二章规定各种具体的人格权，类似于总则和分则的结构。四、介绍了人格权一般规定中所应具备的内容。具体来说包括：人格权的总括性规定（概念、特征、主体、发生、消灭、行使、以及人格权保护的重要原则）、一般人格权、人格权请求权、保护方法；关于人格权的冲突、商品化问题也应该在这章中做出规定。五、详细介绍了具体人格权。具体人格权的种类很多，本文重点介绍了生命权、身体权、信用权、隐私权，并提及其它应该保护的人格利益，比如死者、胎儿的人格利益。在民法典制定之前，研究人格权法的本质，分析其不足，评价其地位，总结其体系结构，对人格权法的完善、人格权的开放体系的形成、对民法规定的丰富和完善都具有重要意义。 关键词: 人格 人格权 人格权制度的缺失 独立成编 内部结构  Abstract: To protect “the personality right”, is determining the weight of the advancement of countries’ laws. Our civil law concerning the personality right is not perfect. The text research the personality right, which aims that let people understand the disadvantage of the law of the personality right and know roundly entire content of the personality right. Thereby, the text contains five parts: firstly, it introduces the concept of the personality right, its character and its nature. Secondly, the text introduces the disadvantages of the personality right: its content is very simple and careless, there do not regulate the generic personality right, the specific personality right is not perfect, the meanings of protect to the personality right is not martial. Besides, it doesn’t regulate the meanings to protect of the dead and baby. Thirdly, a sound law of the personality right should arrange reasonably its position at The Civil Code. The regulations of main body should not cover the personality right. The personality right should independence. I suggest the law of the personality right should be divide two parts. One is the general regulations of the personality right, other is the specific personality right. It resembles the frame of the general principle and the specific principle. Fourthly, I introduce