MDIO参考.docVIP

Management Data Input/Output Management Data Input/Output, or MDIO, is a bus structure defined for the Ethernet protocol. MDIO is defined to connect Media Access Control (MAC) devices with PHY devices, providing a standardized access method to internal registers of PHY devices. These internal registers provide configuration information to the PHY. This bus allows a user to change configuration information during operation, as well as read the PHYs status. It is a standards-driven, dedicated-bus（专用总线） approach specified by IEEE 802.3. The MDIO interface is implemented by two pins, an MDIO pin and a Management Data Clock (MDC) pin. This standard is available for all speeds of Ethernet. The Clause 22 MDIO interface can access up to 32 registers, in 32 different devices. A device driving an MDIO bus is called a station management entity (STA), and the device being managed by the STA is called the MDIO Manageable Device (MMD). The STA drives the MDC line. It initiates a command using an MDIO frame and provides the target register address. During a write command, the STA also provides the data. In the case of a read command, the MMD takes over the bus and supplies the STA with the data. The 802.3ae Clause 45 interface can access up to 65536 registers in 32 different devices. These features were added for 10G ethernet and use different opcodes and start sequences. 对G比特以太网而言，串行通信总线称为管理数据输入输出 (MDIO)。该总线由IEEE通过以太网标准IEEE 802.3的若干条款加以定义。MDIO是一种简单的双线串行接口，将管理器件(如MAC控制器、微处理器)与具备管理功能的收发器(如多端口吉比特以太网收发器或 10GbE XAUI收发器)相连接，从而控制收发器并从收发器收集状态信息。可收集的信息包括链接状态、传输速度与选择、断电、低功率休眠状态、TX/RX模式选择、自动协商控制、环回模式控制等。除了拥有 IEEE 要求的功能之外，收发器厂商还可添加更多的信息收集功能。 　　88E1111具备符合IEEE802.3u标准的22款所规定的标准管理接口，它包含2个管脚：MDC和MDIO。MDC是管理数据的时钟输入，最高速率可达8.3MHz。MDIO是管理数据的输入输出双向接口，数据是与MDC时钟同步的。MDIO的工作流程为： MDIO接口在没有传输数据的空闲状态（IDLE）数据线MDIO处于高阻态。 MDIO出现一个2bit的开始标识码(01)一个读/写操作开始。 MDIO出现一个2bit数据来标识是读操作(10)还是写操作(01)。 MDIO出现一个5bit数据标识PHY的地址。 MDIO出现一个5bitPHY寄存器地址。 MDIO需要2个时钟的访问时间。 MDIO串行读出/写入16bit的寄存器数据。 MDIO恢复成IDLE状态，同时MDIO进入高阻状态。