基于直流电的小车运动控制设计-翻译.docVIP

外文文献资料 （外文文件名：The principle and application of the chip） 1. What is a single-chip? Single chip computer chip referred to, because of its structure and function is designed according to the requirements of industrial control, so that the exact name of the single chip microcontroller is. It is the function of micro computer parts: CPU, random access memory (ROM, RAM and read-only memory I/O interface, timer/counter and serial communication interface integration on a single chip, constitute a complete micro computer,so it is called the single chip microcomputer. 2. SCM development situation: As the chip microcomputer, it is a branch of the generation and development and the formation and development of the microprocessor in sync, mainly divided into three stages. The first stage (1974-1978) : primary microcontroller stage. Intel company with the MCS-48 represented, this series microcontroller on integrated within eight CPU, parallel I/O mouths, eight timer/counters,RAM,no serial I/O port, addressing range is not more than 4K. The second stage (1978-1983) : high-performance single sails stage. With MCS-51 series, at this stage of the chip with serial I/O port, multilevel interrupt handling system, the timer/counter for 16, RAM and ROM capacity in relative increase, and the range of addresses 64k. This kind of MCU application field extremely extensive, because of their excellent performance, especially suitable for the situation in China, it has been widely used in our country. The third stage (1988) : 8 bits of SCM and improvement and consolidate the 16-bit single chip launch phase. 16 bits CPU chip except for 16 bits and pieces of RAM, within the capacity of the ROM further increases in RAM chips for 232 bytes, ROM, and chips for 8K bytes with high-speed input/output in parts, multi-channel 10 A/D converter, with eight grade interrupt, etc. In recent years, the 32-bit SCM also has entered the stage of practical. Due to the MCS-48 microcontroller gradually become extin