Lectue 8 Main Types of Word Meaning.pptVIP

Main types of word meaning Word meaning can be classified according to different perspectives. These meanings are not found in every word. Some words possess some of them and devoid of others. Main types of word meaning Some types of meanings may appear more prominent in certain words than in others. Some meanings are constant, and others may be transient暂时的, existing only in actual contexts. All these form part of the study of semantics and prove of great importance in the use of words. Main Types of Word Meaning Grammatical meaning and lexical meaning Conceptual meaning and associative meaning Connotative meaning内涵意义 Stylistic meaning Affective meaning情感意义 Social meaning Collocative meaning Grammatical Meaning and Lexical Meaning Grammatical meaning Lexical meaning Grammatical Meaning Grammatical meaning contains word-class and inflectional paradigm(范例）. It refers to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationships. Example Part of speech of words Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs Singular and plural meaning of nouns Tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional variants Grammatical meaning becomes transparent only when words are used in connected speech E.g. The dog is chasing a ball. Different lexemes or lexical items, which have different lexical meanings, may have the same grammatical meaning. Example The tense meaning in the word forms of verbs (worked, studied, taught, etc.) The case meaning (boy’s, girl’s) The plural meaning ( pen, pens, child, children, etc.) Lexical Meaning Lexical meaning is the meaning of an isolated word in a dictionary. This component of meaning is identical in all the forms of the word. In another word, the same lexeme having the same lexical meaning may have different grammatical meaning Example Forget Forgets Forgot Forgotten Forgetting When you are looking up a word in the dictionary It lists the function of the words, the definition does at least two things: It describes the lexical