卒中中西医结合治疗最新进展讲解.ppt

脑卒中中西医结合诊断与治疗 The burden of Stroke 中风概念 Stroke; 卒中; 中风 - 缺血性中风（ischemic stroke） 出血性中风(hemorrhagic stroke) 小中风(mini-stroke); TIA 脑卒中（中风）即“脑血管意外”，指因脑血管阻塞或破裂引起的脑血流循环障碍和脑组织功能或结构损害的疾病。可以分为缺血性脑卒中（中风）和出血性脑卒中（中风）两大类。 缺血性脑卒中（中风），－－“脑梗死”，主要包括脑血栓形成和脑栓塞两种。脑血栓形成是由于动脉狭窄，管腔内逐渐形成血栓而最终阻塞动脉所致；脑栓塞是由于血栓脱落或其它栓子进入血流中阻塞脑动脉所引起。 出血性脑卒中（中风）根据出血部位的不同分为脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血。是由于脑内动脉破裂，血液溢出到脑组织内；蛛网膜下腔出血是脑表面或脑底部的血管破裂，血液直接进入容有脑脊液的蛛网膜下腔和脑池中。 不论是缺血性脑卒中（中风）还是出血性脑卒中（中风），都会造成不同范围、不同程度的脑组织损害，因而产生多种多样的神经精神症状，严重的还会危及生命，治愈后很多病人留有后遗症。 摘自雅虎知识堂 NINDS Stroke Information Page What is Stroke? A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is suddenly interrupted or when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, spilling blood into the spaces surrounding brain cells. Brain cells die when they no longer receive oxygen and nutrients from the blood or there is sudden bleeding into or around the brain. The symptoms of a stroke include sudden numbness or weakness, especially on one side of the body; sudden confusion or trouble speaking or understanding speech; sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes; sudden trouble with walking, dizziness, or loss of balance or coordination; or sudden severe headache with no known cause. There are two forms of stroke: ischemic - blockage of a blood vessel supplying the brain, and hemorrhagic - bleeding into or around the brain. What is Transient Ischemic Attack? Synonym(s):?? Mini-Strokes A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a transient stroke that lasts only a few minutes. It occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is briefly interrupted. TIA symptoms, which usually occur suddenly, are similar to those of stroke but do not last as long. Most symptoms of a TIA disappear within an hour, although they may persist for up to 24 hours. Symptoms can include: numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body; confusion or difficulty in talking or unders