3会计英语词汇漫谈2.docVIP

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3会计英语词汇漫谈2

英语知识 (三)Debit、Credit 和Double Entry Debit 和credit 就是会计复式记帐法中常用的两个记帐符号“借”和“贷”。 Debit 的意义比较单纯,就是簿记上的“借方””。但是,很容易与另一个词debt 混淆。debt比 debit只少一个字母 I,而且意思也相近,有“借款”的意思,如the national debt(国债)。 Credit 的汉语意思比较多,有“信用、信誉、名声、名誉”的意思,还有“挂帐、赊帐”的意思,在簿记上就是“贷方”意思。 由于这两个词汇在会计学上总是一起出现,就把他们放到一起来举例说明,加深印象。 1、When an amount is entered on the left of an account,it is a debit,and the account is said to be debited . The abbreviation for debit is Dr. 当一个数额记在帐户的左边,它就是借方记录,称这个帐户被借记。“借方”的缩写是“Dr”。 2、When an amount is entered on the right side ,it is a credit,and the account is said to be credited. The abbreviation for credit is Cr. 当一个数额记在帐户的右边,它就是贷方记录,称这个帐户被贷记。“贷方”的缩写是Cr.。 3、Making an entry in the amount column on the left hand side of an account means Debit(abbreviated Dr.)and to the contrast, means “Credit”(abbreviated Cr.). 记入帐户的左边“金额”栏称为“借记”该帐户(简写为Dr),与此相反,则为“贷记”该帐户(简写为Cr.)。 4、By convention, assets and expense increases are recorded as debits while liability, capital and income increases are recorded as credits. 根据惯例,资产和费用的增加被记为借项,而负债、资本和收入的增加被记为贷项。 5、Assets and expense decreases are recorded as credits, while liability, capital and income decreases are recorded as debits. 资产和费用的减少被记为贷项,而负债、资本和收入的减少被记为借项。 6、Where there are only two accounts affected, the debit and credit amounts are equal. If more than two accounts are affected, the total of the debit entries must equal the total of the credit entries. 在只有两个帐户被影响时,借贷双方的数额是相等的,如果涉及两个以上帐户时,借项的总数必须与记入贷项的总数相等。 Double entry(复式记帐)是会计学上的专有词汇。例如: In double entry accounting,which is in almost universal use, there are equal debit and credit entries for every transaction. 在复式记帐会计(几乎普遍使用)中,每笔交易的借方和贷方记入的数字相等。 (四)Ledgers 和 Journals Ledgers 在簿记上是分类帐的意思,可以和其他词汇搭配,构成许多会计词汇。如ledger accounts(分类帐户)、general ledger(总分类帐)、subsidiary ledger(明细分类帐)等。例如: 1、Ledger accounts are used to record business transactions effect on an accounting entity. 分类帐户被用来记录交易对会计主体的影响。 2、A ledger account is simply a record of changes (increase and decrease)and balance

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