2014仪器精度理论上机作业.docVIP

2014仪器精度理论上机作业 题目： 今有两个电容器，分别测量其电容，然后又将其串联和并联测量，得到如下结果： 试求电容器电容量的最可信赖值及其精度。 Matlab源代码： %首次求解X的估计值 L=[0.2071;0.2056;0.4111] A=[1 0;0 1;1 1]; A_transpose=A; C_inv=inv(A_transpose*A); X=C_inv*A_transpose*L %L矩阵迭代初值 L_line=[0.2071;0.2056;0.4111;0.1035] %迭代求解X最佳估计值 i=0; while i5 i=i+1 %方程表达式 syms c1 c2 f1=c1; f2=c2; f3=(c1+c2); f4=((c1*c2)/(c1+c2)); %求解偏差系数矩阵 a11 = subs(diff(f1,c1),c1,X(1)); a12 = subs(diff(f1,c2),c2,X(2)); a21 = subs(diff(f2,c1),c1,X(1)); a22 = subs(diff(f2,c2),c1,X(2)); a31 = subs(diff(f3,c1),c1,X(1)); a32 = subs(diff(f3,c2),c2,X(2)); a41_temp = subs(diff(f4,c1),c1,X(1)); a42_temp = subs(diff(f4,c2),c2,X(2)); a41 = subs(a41_temp, c2, X(2)); a42 = subs(a42_temp, c1, X(1)); A_line=[a11 a12;a21 a22;a31 a32;a41 a42] A_line_transpose=A_line; %将估计值代入方程,求解L c1=X(1); c2=X(2); L_line_p=L_line-[eval(f1);eval(f2);eval(f3);eval(f4)]; %最小二乘法求解deta的值 C_line_inv=inv(A_line_transpose*A_line); Deta=C_line_inv*A_line_transpose*L_line_p %迭代i次的最佳估计值 X=X+Deta %计算标准差 c1=X(1); c2=X(2); L_error=L_line-[eval(f1);eval(f2);eval(f3);eval(f4)]; L_error_transpose=L_error; sigema=sqrt((L_error_transpose*L_error)/2) %计算估计量的标准差 sigema_c1=sigema*sqrt(C_line_inv(1)) sigema_c2=sigema*sqrt(C_line_inv(4)) end 运行结果： L = 0.2071 0.2056 0.4111 X = 0.206566666666667 0.205066666666667 L_line = 0.2071 0.2056 0.4111 0.1035 i = 1 A_line = 1 0 0 1 1 1 0.248181309840658 0.251825329599343 Deta = 4.64056470207972e-005 4.84802152136686e-005 X = 0.206613072313687 0.20511514688188 sige