竞赛帆船龙骨盒结构优化设计.docVIP

竞赛帆船龙骨盒结构优化设计 张 益1,2，林少芬1,2，陈清林1,2，朱兆一1,2 （1．集美大学 轮机工程学院，厦门 361021；2．福建省船舶与海洋工程重点实验室，厦门 361021） 摘 要：龙骨盒是竞赛帆船特有的结构，其功能是维持压载龙骨竖直升降，因其为帆船主要受力构件之一，实际使用中易损坏，提高龙骨盒强度是企业和艇主亟须解决的问题。通过水动力分析获得龙骨盒结构响应，运用多级优化对龙骨盒帽型材和桅杆作用区域进行形状、尺寸优化和铺层顺序优化。优化结果显示，基于响应面法和遗传算法的多级优化降低75.92%的龙骨盒整体应变能和提高29.40%的铺层强度比，该方法对提升龙骨盒强度和承载能力具有实用和借鉴意义。 关键词： 中图分类号：U671.73 文献标码：A The Optimal Design of the Keelbox of Racing Yacht ZHANG Yi1,2, LIN Shao-fen1,2, CHEN Qing-lin1,2, ZHU Zhao-yi1,2 (1. Institue of Marine Engineering, Jimei University, Fujian Xiamen 361021, China; 2. The Key Laboratory of Ship and Marine Engineering of Fujian Province, Fujian Xiamen 361021, China) Abstract: Keelbox is the unique structure of racing yacht which function is keeping the retractable keel lifting straight up and down. The keelbox broken easily for it is the mainly bearing carrier of racing yacht, how to improve the strength of keelbox is a question which urgent to be solved for the shipyard and owners. In this paper hydrodynamic analysis is considered for obtaining the structural response of keelbox, multistage optimization is used in shape and size optimization, stacking-sequence optimization of the top hat section of the broken area of keelbox. The result shows the optimization method which is based on response surface and genetic algorithm reduce 75.92% strain energy and improve 29.40% layer intensity ratio of the keelbox, The method present in this paper could be used as a reference in the study of improving the strength of keelbox. Key words: racing yacht; keelbox; response surface method; genetic algorithm; multistage optimization 0 引言 龙骨盒与升降型龙骨配套使用，确保龙骨竖直方向升降运动图1），同时承受压载龙骨和帆装产生的作用力。国内外关于竞赛帆船船体结构优化的研究已日臻成熟，帆船结构更新较快，现有的研究范围、规范、指南未能涵盖全部结构，也无龙骨盒设计标准。经验的补强能解决龙骨盒损坏本文结合某船厂10竞赛帆船龙骨盒损坏案例在分析的基础上，利用优化算法和有限元技术，研究竞赛帆船龙骨盒优化设计寻求科学的解决。 图1 龙骨盒及其工作原理示意图 1 受力分析 竞赛帆船基本参数如表1所示，为获得龙骨盒优化初始模型，需对龙骨盒受力分析。龙骨盒主要受力有：1桅杆、帆装产生的垂向压力0.06 MPa）；2风、浪、流环境载荷的间接作用力；3帆船做六自由度运动时压载龙骨产生的惯性力一般认为，帆船从波峰运动到波谷时，压载龙骨处于超重状态，压载龙骨对龙骨盒产生的压力达