我国大气污染防治政策的研究.doc

我国大气污染防治政策的研究 ——以兰州市为例 摘要 大气环境是人类和其他生物赖以生存的基本环境要素，人类的发展对大气环境的破坏是一种不可逆的过程。改革开放以来，我国的大气污染问题日益严重，有些地区甚至已经影响到经济、社会的发展和市民的生活。兰州市在近五年来的大气环境质量排行中平均排行倒数第一，但是它也制订了一系列针对本地大气环境问题的大气污染防治政策，事实证明，虽然政策的制定做到了相对完善，但在执行方面有所欠缺，导致政策预期目标不能达成。相比国外大气污染防治的经验，可以发现他们通常颁布具体的、可操作性强、具有较强的强制性的政策，并且注重运用经济手段防止大气污染，这些做法对于预防和治理兰州市的大气污染有一定的参考价值。 本文在剖析现行的大气污染防治政策执行情况与存在的问题上，针对兰州市的大气污染特殊性，对污染原因和影响因素进行了具体分析，提出了兰州市大气污染防治的一系列可行策略，并在执行方面，提出了改进措施，如鼓励公众参与、绿化环境、加强监控力度以及大力开发利用新能源等，以期强化大气污染防治执行效果，为市民营造一个良好的居住环境，促进兰州市的环境友好型城市建设，努力实现兰州市的经济、文化和环境的协调发展。 关键词：大气污染防治，可持续发展，政策有效执行 RESEARCH OF CHINA’S AIR POLLUTION CONTROL POLICY—A CASE OF LANZHOU ABSTRACT Atmospheric environment is the basic survival environment factor for human and other creatures, the destruction of human development on the atmospheric environment is an irreversible process. Since the reform and opening up, Chinas air pollution becomes more and more serious in some areas, it even has influence to the economic and social development and the peoples lives. Lanzhou city in the past five years the quality of the atmospheric environment in the seniority average ranking last, but it also made a series of the air pollution control policy according to local atmospheric environmental problems. The facts proved that although the policy-making is done relatively perfect, but lacking in the implementation of policy lead to policy goal can not be reached. Compared to the experience of the foreign air pollution control, you can find they are usually issued a specific, operable, with a strong mandatory policy, And pay attention to using economic means to prevent the air pollution, these practices for the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution for Lanzhou city is of certain reference value. In this paper, the analysis of existing air pollution control policy implementation and the problems existing in the atmospheric pollution of the particularity of Lanzhou, pollution causes and effects of factors analyzed in detail, and proposed a ra