shell if操作.docVIP

if 语句格式 if? 条件then?Commandelse?Commandfi????????????????????????????? 别忘了这个结尾 If语句忘了结尾fitest.sh: line 14: syntax error: unexpected end of fi ???if 的三种条件表达式 ifcommandthenif?函数then ?命令执行成功，等于返回0 （比如grep ,找到匹配）执行失败，返回非0 （grep,没找到匹配） if [ expression_r_r_r? ]then? ?表达式结果为真，则返回0，if把0值引向then if test expression_r_r_rthen ?表达式结果为假，则返回非0，if把非0值引向then ??? ????[ ] ? ——快捷if [ -f /etc/shadow ] echo This computer uses shadow passwors ??? 可以理解为then??? 如果左边的表达式为真则执行右边的语句 ????shell的if与c语言if的功能上的区别 ?shell if ??? c语言if 0为真，走then ?正好相反，非0走then ?不支持整数变量直接if必须:if [ i –ne 0 ]但支持字符串变量直接ifif [ str ] 如果字符串非0 ?支持变量直接ifif (i ) ?=================================以command作为if 条件===================================?????以多条command或者函数作为if 条件 echo –n “input:”read userif多条指令,这些命令之间相当于“and”（与）grep $user /etc/passwd /tmp/null??????who -u | grep $userthen???????????? 上边的指令都执行成功,返回值$?为0，0为真，运行then?echo $user has loggedelse???? 指令执行失败，$?为1，运行else ????????????????????????????echo $user has not loggedfi??? # sh test.shinput : macgmacg???? pts/0??????? May 15 15:55?? .????????? 2075 (192.168.1.100)macg has logged???# sh test.shinput : dddddd has not logged?? ???以函数作为if条件? (函数就相当于command,函数的优点是其return值可以自定义) if以函数作为if条件，getynthen?? 函数reture值0为真，走thenecho your answer is yeselse? 函数return值非0为假，走elseecho your anser is nofi?? ??if command? 等价于 command+if $? $ vi testsh.sh#!/bin/shifcat 111-tmp.txt | grep ting1thenecho foundelseecho no foundfi ?$ vi testsh.sh#!/bin/shcat 111-tmp.txt | grep ting1if [ $? -eq 0 ]thenecho $?echo foundelseecho $?echo no foundfi $ sh testsh.shno found?? $ sh testsh.sh1no found $ vi 111-tmp.txtthat is 222filethisting1 is 111file$ sh testsh.shthisting1 is 111filefound $ vi 111-tmp.txtthat is 222filethisting1 is 111file$ sh testsh.shthisting1 is 111file0found ???========================================以条件表达式作为 if条件=============================???传统if 从句子——以条件表达式作为 if条件if [ 条件表达式 ]then?c