主谓一致 就近原则.pptVIP

定义： 谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致,这就叫主谓一致. 分类 1.语法一致：语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。 2.意义一致：主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。 3.就近原则：离谓语动词最近的名词决定 语法一致原则 1.不可数名词，动名词，动词不定式，单个从句做主语，谓语动词用单数。 This information is very important. Seeing is believing . To see is to believe . That he is important is true. 由and 链接两个主语 ⑴. 由and 链接两个主语 表达两个不同概念时, V复数 表达一个概念时，V单数 The worker and writer ____ from Wuhan. 那个工人兼作家(be) The worker and the writer ____ from Beijing. (be) 那位工人和那位作家 Bread and butter ____ a kind of daily food in the West.(be) Early to bed, early to rise_____ a man healthy, wealthy and wise. (make) 2) every … and every… each …and each… no …and no…, many a …and many a… 连接两个单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and many a girl has made the same mistake. ⑶and 链接两个完整的句子，谓语动词用复数；连接两个省略的句子谓语动词用单数。 What he said and what he did have nothing to do with me. What I do and say is my own business. 3. N1+prep+N2 谓语动词由N1决定 with, along with , together with, rather than, As well as , like /unlike（不像）, including, besides , except ,but(除了…之外), in addition to(除了…) 1.The teacher with his students _____ (be) playing basketball now. 2.The teacher ______(be) playing basketball with his students now. 3.Tom rather than you ____(be) hired as manager of the company. 4.A library including 5000books _____offered to the nation. 4.不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数 something, somebody, someone anything , anybody , anyone everything ,everybody ,everyone, things nothing , nobody, no one , neither ,either Attention: none 作主语时，谓语动词可单可复,有时需要参照表语 None of them ____workers. ____a worker. (2) All作主语时，指人 V复 全体人员，所有的人 指物 V单 全部所有事物 All of my brothers like playing basketball. All I want is a room of my own. This is all I want . Translation： All are silent. All is silent 5.Many a …, more than one…+可数名词，V单 e.g. More than one student wa