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产业关联、要素结构与产业扩散 赵祥/郭惠武 【专题名称】区域与城市经济【专 题 号】F107【复印期号】2010年01期【原文出处】《首都经济贸易大学学报》(京)2009年5期第49～59页【英文标题】Industrial Linkage, Factor Structure and Industry Spread【作者简介】赵祥(1971-)，男，安徽天长人，中共广东省委党校管理学部副教授，管理学博士，研究方向为区域经济、产业经济，广东　广州　510053；郭惠武(1976-)，男，中山大学管理学院博士研究生，广东　广州　510053 【内容提要】 产业的集聚和扩散是区域发展的向心力和离心力相互作用的结果，而二者的大小又要受到行业关联效应和要素结构的影响。由于关联效应和要素结构不同，不同类型产业表现出不同的扩散特征：关联效应低、劳动密集度低的产业扩散倾向不强，产业扩散大多发生在经济条件类似的地区之间；关联效应高、劳动密集度低的产业地区粘性最强，通常发生低端工序转移式扩散，并呈现出较强的空间连续性；关联效应高、劳动密集度高的产业扩散较多表现为产业链的整体迁移，通常会跨越一定的空间维度；关联效应低、劳动密集度高产业的扩散倾向最强，且具有较强的空间跳跃性，最有可能发生跨省区的产业迁移。各级政府在制定促进产业和区域协调发展政策时，应充分考虑不同产业的扩散特征，增加政策措施的针对性和有效性。Whether industry agglomerates or disperses depends on the interaction between centripetal forces and centrifugal forces along with the development of regional industry, which are affected by linkage effect and factor structure. Because of difference in linkage effect and factor structure, different industries present varied spread patterns. Industries with weak linkage effect and low labor density prefer original location, and usually spread among regions of similar economic condition. Industries of strong linkage effect and low labor density show strongest locational stickiness, and spread mostly by procedure transfer from the close to the distant. Industries with strong linkage effect and high labor density often spread by moving business chain to the other location. Industries with weak linkage effect and high labor density are most inclined to spread, which generally means relocating productive facilities in relatively distant periphery, possibly in different provinces. Governments need to recognize the different models of industry spread while formulating policy to harmonize industry development in different regions to improve its effectiveness. 【日??? 期】2009-06-01【关 键 词】产业关联/要素结构/产业扩散linkage effect/factor structure/industry spread 中图分类号：F424　文献标识码：A　文章编号：1008-2700(2009)05-0049-11????一、引言 近年来中国经济发展的内外环境发生了一系列变化，导致沿海地区制造业发展面临着巨大的成本和需求压力。以广东省为例，自2005年开始出现的“民工荒”以及2008年