专业英语TwoNanotenology.pptVIP

课堂要点 课堂要点 专 业 英 语 Physics English Some experts credit the idea to physicist Richard Feynman. In 1959, this Nobel Prize winner gave a speech. He called it “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom.” Mister Feynman discussed the theory that scientists could make devices smaller and smaller -- all the way down to the atomic level. He did not use the word nanotechnology, but for years this idea remained only a theory. 早在1959年,费曼就设想:“如果有朝一日人们能把百科全书存储在一个针尖大小的空间内并能移动原子,那么这将给科学带来什么!” 专 业 英 语 Physics English At the time, no way existed to record structures the size of molecules. Not even electron microscopes could do the job. But as the 1980s began, two researchers found a way. Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer worked at a laboratory in Zurich Switzerland. They worked for IBM, the American company International Business Machines. G. Binnig AFM, 86 H. Rohrer IBM (International Business Machines Corporation国际商业机器公司)。总公司在纽约州阿蒙克市公司，1911年创立于美国，是全球最大的信息技术和业务解决方案公司，目前拥有全球雇员 30多万人，业务遍及 160多个国家和地区。IBM 2008全年:营业收入为1036亿美元,税前利润167亿美元,每股收益为8.93美元。　现任CEO为Samuel Palmisano（萨缪尔·帕米沙诺）, 他的中文名叫彭明盛。 专 业 英 语 Physics English They invented what they called a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). This permitted scientist to observe molecules and even atoms in greater detail than ever before. Once they could see microscopic structures, the next step for scientists was to find a way to create their own. D. Eigler IBM两名科学家利用STM直接操作原子,成功地在Ni基板上,按自己的意志安排原子组合成“IBM”字样. G. Binnig AFM, 86 H. Rohrer 专 业 英 语 Physics English By the middle of the 1980s, scientists had increased their research on carbon. They were interested in the ability to use this common element to make nano-sized structures. Carbon had already been engineered in chemical reactions to make long polycarbonite chains (多碳链). Today, the result of carbon chemical engineering is everywhere -- in the form of plastic. 专 业 英 语 Physics English Scientists in the eighties wanted to create nano structures from carbon atoms. In 1