电焊工人的职业暴露防控综述.doc

电焊工人职业暴露的防控（综述） 摘要：目的：某情况，为的健康教育和健康提供科学依据。方法：的方式对某进行由当场。本次调查共收集了，剔除不合格，获得有效，有效率为%。全部后，采用。结果：结论：。关键词： based on awareness of humanism, people pay more and more attention to their working environment. With?the?rapid?development?of?economy,?the?number?of?welders??gradually?increases. However, the protection during their work from the poisnous material is incomplete duetolackofrecognition.This?article?aims?at?a?comprehensive?analysis?for?the?work?flow?of?the?welders??to test the daily occupational exposure of welders in a factory to provide scientific basis for occupational health education and protection. Method: to test the working environment of the welders for three consecutive days with sampling from the factory. Researchers collect samples in the morning and afternoon respectively, which contain occupational hazard factor of highest concentration in various fields, then hand them over to the center of forecasting and analysis. Except for the unqualified samples, 14 effective samples can be obtained in one post (14 samples in total) with the effective rate reaching to 100%. After the sample pretreatment like slaking, corresponding response value of atomic absorption spectrometer, gas chromatograph and capillary electrophoresis apparatus can also be obtained. Then quantitative analysis of the unknown samples can be made based on the standard curve to decide whether the sample content is excessive. Result: The major hazard factors of welding occupational exposure are with complexity, polytrope and nondeterminacy, including industrial noise, manganese and its compound, benzene and its compound and industrial dust. Conclusion: measures like source control, transmission route interdict, craft reform, work flow change, dust removal by ventilation can decrease the occupational exposure of the welders, enhance the self-inspection of the protective equipment and reduce industrial diseases. Key words: welders; occupational hazard factors; occupational exposure 电焊作业在造船、建筑、国防