牛津译林版英语必修二课件：Unit3AmazingpeopleGrammar（共55张幻灯片）.ppt

The present perfect tense is used when we are talking about a past event which relates to the present time. The past perfect tense is used when we are discussing the past and want to talk about an even earlier event. Present perfect or past perfect? Cai Lun is a famous Chinese inventor, known for inventing paper. Cai invented paper in AD 105, but (1) ____________ many times at first. Before his invention worked, Cai (2) ___________ many different parts of trees and plants to make The inventor of paper hear try catch fail show had failed had tried paper even old fishing nets! After Cai invented paper, people all over China used it. At that time, however, no one (3) ___________ of Cai or paper in the West. Paper was spread to the West through the Arabs, who learnt how to make paper in AD 751. They (4) ____________ several Chinese paper makers during a war, had heard had caught who then told them about Cai’s invention. Once the paper makers (5) ____________ people how to make paper, it came into widespread use all over the world. had shown 1. 现在完成时表示发生在过去但对现在有影响的动作。 e.g. 你听说过林则徐的故事吗？ Have you heard about the story of Lin Zexu? Summary 2. 表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在（可能还会继续下去）的动作，常用于延续性动词，多带有延续性时间状语，如: since, for three weeks, so far, in recent years等。 e.g. 这座房子已闲置好多年。 The house has been empty for many years. 3. 表示将来，用于时间、条件等从句中。 e.g. 我一完成工作就和你一起去。 I’ll go with you as soon as I have finished my work. 注* 终止性动词一般不与延续性时间状语连用，所以有些句子在汉语中成立， 在英语中则要适当变通。 如：“他参军已经三年了。” 不能翻译成： “He has joined the army for three years.” 但可变通为： “He has been a soldier/ in the army for three years.” “He joined the army three years ago.” 但是终止性动词的否定式则可以用于完成时。如： We haven’t seen each other for a long time. *在“this is the first (second) time that …”句型中，从句谓语常用现在完成时。 e.g. 这是我第三次来这里。 This is the third time that I have been here. * 副词before常与现在完成时连用。 e.g. Have you ever met him before? 你以前见过他吗？ 1. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests