解析托福阅读实事信息题的考点与应对方法.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料解析托福阅读事实信息题的考点与应对方法 摘要： 解析托福阅读事实信息题的考点与应对方法。事实信息题和词汇题在托福阅读十大题型中，是占据比重最大的两种题型。一般来说，针对每篇阅读而言，前者要考察3-5题，而后者更是每篇要考察4-6题。 就每篇阅读14道题而言，这两种题型就占据了大半壁江山。因此，可以毫不夸张地说，得词汇题和事实信息题的考生可以得 托福 阅读!下面就让 新托福 名师带大家看一看事实信息题的考点以及相应的应对策略。 1提问方式 1. According to Paragraph…, which of the following is true about X? 2. According to Paragraph…, how / what / why…? 3. Paragraph… / The passage supports which of the following statements about X? 专家认为带有提问方式的题型可以总结为以下几个特点： a. 该题型属于细节类题型，并且在大部分情况下题干中会出现一个明确的细节定位词───X。 b. 该题型是对细节信息的正面提问(由题干中true / support可知)，这一点与否定事实信息题相反。 c. 该题型疑问部分一般由特殊疑问词：which / how / what / why… 引导，可以得出该题型可以就某细节信息的具体“特性、原因、方式等”进行发问。 2解题步骤： 第一步：读题干，划出定位词。 定位词特点： a. 在提问方式1和3当中就是X所代表的部分。 b. 在提问方式2中比较复杂，一般是寻找该句中的名词部分，多数充当句中的主语或宾语。 c. 定位词有可能是原文原词或者近义词。 例题： 1. According to paragraph 6, which of the following statements about aquifers in deserts is true? (TPO 12 Water in the Desert) 本题干的定位词即aquifers, 符合提问方式1。 2. According to paragraph 7, why would a social group use shunning? (TPO 13 Types of Social Groups) 本题干的定位词即shunning, 符合提问方式2。 3. Paragraph 1 supports which of the following statements about painting in Europe? (TPO 4 Cave Art in Europe) 本题干的定位词即是painting in Europe, 符合提问方式3。 第二步：根据定位词回原文进行定位。 注意： 1. 若定位词非原文原词，在定位过程中要对其在原文中的同义替换词敏感。 2. 若定位词在原文中出现若干次，要关注所有出现过的地方。 例题： Paragraph 3: The subjects of the paintings are mostly animals. The paintings rest on bare walls, with no backdrops or environmental trappings. Perhaps, like many contemporary peoples, Upper Paleolithic men and women believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, and if that were indeed their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely depicted in cave art. Another explanation for the focus on animals might be that these people sought to improve their luck at hunting. This theory is suggested by evidence of chips in the painted figures, perhaps made by spears thrown at the drawings. But if improving their hunting luck was the chief motivation for the