高电压技术吴广宁23课件教学.pptVIP

在电场作用下，固体介质的击穿可分为电击穿、热击穿和不均匀电介质的击穿。 Under electric field, the solid medium breakdown can be divided to electrical breakdown, thermal breakdown and breakdown of Inhomogeneous dielectric. 小 结  Summary 由于实际固体介质击穿还伴随有机械的、热的、化学的等复杂过程，因而至今还没有建立起可以满意地解释所有击穿现象的理论。 Because of the complicated process of mechanical, thermal and chemical together, it still have not established a satisfactory theory that could explain all the breakdown phenomenon so far. 实际电气设备中的固体介质击穿过程是错综复杂的，常取决于介质本身的特性、绝缘结构形式和电场均匀性。 The breaking process of solid medium in actual electrical equipment is complicated, determined by their characteristics, insulation structure form and the electric field uniformity. 在线教务辅导网： 更多课程配套课件资源请访问在线教务辅导网 馋死 PPT研究院 POWERPOINT ACADEMY * * （2）稳态热击穿 The steady-state thermal breakdown 热击穿临界电压为 The critical voltage of thermal breakdown 如环境温度不高时， ， ，上式积分可近似为 If the environmental temperature is not high, , , the integral previous is (2-40) (2-41) 2.3.2 固体电介质的电击穿 2.3.2 The electrical breakdown of solid dielectric 希伯尔（Hippel）和弗罗利希（Frohlich）在固体物理的基础上用量子力学为工具逐步发展建立了固体电介质电击穿的碰撞电离理论。 On the basis of solid state physics Hippel and Frohlich using the quantum mechanics as a tool make a progressive development and gradually establish the impact ionization theory about electrical breakdown of solid dielectric. 在强电场下固体导带中可能因场致发射或热发射而存在一些导电电子，这些电子在外电场作用下被加速获得动能。 Under strong field there may be some electronic conductivity in the solid conduction band caused by field emission or thermal emission, they obtain the kinetic energy due to accelerated by the electric field. 这一理论可简述如下： The theory can be summarized as follows: 同时在其运动中又与晶格振动相互作用而激发晶格振动，把电场的能量传递给晶格。当这两个过程在一定的温度和场强下平衡时，固体介质有稳定的电导。 At the same time electronic conductivity interact with lattice vibration to induce lattice vibration, and transfer the field energy to lattice. When these two processes reach a balance under a certain