Mercury Contamination from Metal Scrap Processing Facilities –金属废料处理设施中的汞污染.pptVIP

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2017-03-08 发布于上海
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Mercury Contamination from Metal Scrap Processing Facilities –金属废料处理设施中的汞污染.ppt

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Mercury Contamination from Metal Scrap Processing Facilities –金属废料处理设施中的汞污染

Mercury Contamination from Metal Scrap Processing Facilities – A Study by Ohio EPA Radhica Sastry, James Orlemann and Paul Koval – Ohio EPA Presented by Radhica Sastry Mercury Origin Applications Origin Hg occurs as a mineral oar called cinnabar (mercury (II) sulfide) Extracted by heating mercury (II) sulfide in air to form mercury (II) oxide Only metal that is a liquid at room temperature Applications Lighting devices Dental amalgam Switching devices Measuring devices Mercury Toxicity Persistent toxic substance Extremely volatile Bacteria convert mercury into methyl mercury and bioaccumulates in living organisms Accumulates in brain cells Symptoms include headache, numbness, balance problems, etc. Mercury in the Environment Anthropogenic Emissions Mercury production Mercury from manufacturing/combustion Chlor-alkali plants Coal combustion Mercury from disposal Incineration Scrap Processing Mini-mills mainly use metal scrap to produce steel Scrap comes from recycling facilities End-of-Life Vehicles are sent to auto-dismantling yards Autos are shredded/crushed Processed scrap sent to mini-mills to be melted Main concern is Mercury Switches in the scrap!! Life Cycle of a Mercury Switch Mercury Switches What are mercury Switches? Tilt switches that use mercury to make contact Mercury Switches - Uses Where are mercury switches used? Chest freezers Sump pumps Clothes washers Automobiles Clothes irons Space heaters Why are they used? Hermetically sealed construction Consistent operation High load capability Moderate cost Available in different shapes, sizes and electrical ratings Mercury Switches Most vehicles equipped with mercury switches Applications are: Trunks Hoods ABS systems HID lamps Each switch contains 0.8-1 gram Hg. U.S. auto industry uses ~ 22,000 lbs. Hg each year (1995 industry report) Ohio EPA’s Initiative Enforcement case revealed high amounts of mercury emissions from a mini-mill Studies were conducted to determine source of mercury