Network Topology Physical Logical网络拓扑物理与逻辑.pptVIP

Networks Routing Techniques Dynamic Routing Network Topology: Physical Logical Multi-hop Network Physical and Logical topologies Node 1 can directly send information to node 2 and node 3 using frequencies and w1 and w2, where as if node 1 wants to send message to node 4, it has to multi-hop through either node 2 or node 3. For this reason, node 1 is directly logically connected to node 2 and node 3. Although, node 1 is not directly physically connected to node 2 and node 3. Node 1 is not directly logically connected to node 4. If node 1 node 1 communicates with node 4 via node 2, there will be a wavelength conversion from w1 to w3 at node 2. Communication Networks Network topologies: The Bus Network Hub/Tree Network Star Network 4 Ring Network A bus network topology Bus Network In bus network, all stations are attached to a single cable. When a station sends a message, it is broadcast down on the cable in both directions. Terminators at the end of the cable prevent the signal from reflecting back to the sender. All stations on the cable constantly monitor for messages meant to them. When a station detects a message meant for it, it reads the message from the cable and the other stations will ignore it. Since all stations are sharing the same cable, some form of control is needed to make sure which station will transmit when, otherwise there will be a collision. Advantages: Easy to wire, quick response, less expensive, and if one station dies, it has no effect on the total network. Disadvantage: However bad connection to the cable can short it and bring down the entire network A Hub/Tree Network Tree Network In hub or tree network, the wires that are used to connect different nodes are collapsed into a central unit, called hub. Hub does not perform switching function. It consists of repeaters that retransmitted all the signals from nodes to all other nodes in the same way. The multipoint nature of tree topology gives rise to several problems. The access con