新概念2Unit28解读.ppt

(2) 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或 状态。常和for +时间段、since+时间点连用。 I have been here for three days. 我在这里已经3天了。 His father has worked in that factory since 1991. 他爸爸自1991年以来都在这家工厂工作。 (3) 表示从某个模糊的过去时间起直到现在，常与up till now和so far连用,描述重复的动作 Up till now he has always passed his exams. 到目前为止他都能通过考试。（但下次是否还能通过是个问题） I have been to New York three times so far. 目前为止我已去过纽约三次了。（而且我很有可能再去） 【Special Difficulties】 关系从句及关系代词 关系从句又可称为定语从句或形容词从句，它像形容词一样可以形容人、物及事件。关系从句可分为限定性关系从句（不带逗号）和非限定性关系从句（带逗号）。 表示人的关系代词：who，whom，that，whose（口语中whom经常由who代替） 表示事物和动物的关系代词：which，that 关系代词可以有四个概念 : ① 代人的, 做主语或宾语who，只做宾语的whom ② 代物的, 做主语或宾语 which ③ 代人的也可以代物的 做主语或宾语 that ④ whose其代表的东西由其在句子中的成分决定(不一定指人) 关系代词后面要加从句，先行词放在定语从句前面, 而且是两句话共同含有的词, 还是被定语从句修饰的词 I have a book that/which he likes.( “book” 为先行词 “that/which” 为关系代词) 关系代词有两个功能 : 一是承上, 一是启下(如上句中的 “book” 作从句的宾语) The boy who is standing at the door is my brother. I can do anything that I can do. The boat whose name is... I have a house whose windows are broken. 关系代词在关系从句中作宾语时往往可以省略，作主语时则不可以。 The millionaire whose son ran away from home a week ago is not a kink father. whose 后面一定要加一个名词, 然后这个部分共同做主语或宾语 The boy whose sister is standing at the door is my brother. The pilot whose plane landed in a field was not hurt. He is the right person I am looking for. Chinese - English 你去过那个很多小河的农村吗？ Have you been to the village which/that has a lot of rivers? 你知道那个很聪明但很胖的男生吗？ Do you know the boy who is smart but fat? 你看到那本放在桌子上的书了吗？ Did you see the book which/that was on the desk? 他选择了那辆最贵的车。 He chose the car which/that was the most expensive. 我仍记得我们一起的日子。 I still remember the days (which/that) we spent together. 以下情况多用that (1)?如果先行词是 all,?much,?anything,?something,?nothing,?everything,?little,?none等不定代词 All?the?people?that?are?present?burst?into?tears. Is?there?anything?(that)?I?can?do?for?you? (2)?如果先行词被the?only,?the?very,?the?same,?the?last,?the?best等词修饰This?is?the?very?book?(that)?I