热力学·统计物理试题（a卷）.docVIP

热力学·统计物理试题（A卷） 适用于2002级本科物理学专业 (2004-2005学年度第一学期) 1.(10 points) Show ??????????????????????????? 2. (15 points) Show： 3. (15 points) The mixed compound of two gases A1 and A2 with n0v1 mol and n0v2 mol respectively is in a state with temperature T, pressure p and volume V0. When it occurs a chemical reaction as follows ?  the volume changes from V0 to Ve as constant temperature T and pressure p. Show the extent of reaction ε follows that ?  4. (20 points) Use equation of the ideal gas ?  ? to calculate the internal energy E, free energy F, chemical potential μ, and pressure p. 5. (20 points) Calculate the Fermi energy, external energy and degenerate pressure of two-dimensional free electronic gas with area density n at temperature T=0K. 6. (20 points) Based on the canonical ensemble distribution, show the equation of state of real gas ?  B is called the second Virial coefficient and given as follows φ is the interaction potential energy of molecules. 附简答： 1. (10 points) Solution: ?  ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? (5 points) ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????（5 points） 2. (15 points) Solution? ?, ????????????????????（5 points） ???? ???????????????? ① ????????????????????? ② ?????????????????????????? ③ ① ?????? ????5 points） it goes that ????? （5 points） 3. (15 points) Solution? Before the reaction ? ?????????? (1)?? （5 points） ????? When it occurs the chemical reaction: the amount of gas A1 decreases n0v1ε mol，the spare part of this gas is (1-ε) n0v1 mol; The amount of gas A1 decreases n0v2ε mol，the spare part of this gas is (1-ε) n0v2 mol; there are new gas A3 with εn0v3 mol A3 and A4 with εn0v4 mol A4，and thus we have ??????????? ???(2)?? （5 points） ???? Compare the formula（1）and （2）, it gets ?????????? ????????? ? we obtain ????????????????????? ?????????????（5 points） 4. (20 points) Solution ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????