Demand for bear viewing hikes Implications for balancing visitor satisfaction with safety in protected areas.pdfVIP

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Demand for bear viewing hikes Implications for balancing visitor satisfaction with safety in protected areas.pdf

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Demand for bear viewing hikes Implications for balancing visitor satisfaction with safety in protected areas.pdf

Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 16 (2016) 44–49 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism journal homepage: /locate/jofri Demand for bear viewing hikes: Implications for balancing visitor satisfaction with safety in protected areas crossmark Takahiro Kuboa,?, Yasushi Shojib a Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8502, Japan b Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan ARTICLE INFO Keywords: Brown bear Discrete choice experiment Human-wildlife con?ict National park Nature-based tourism Wildlife viewing ABSTRACT Wildlife viewing is a popular activity in wilderness recreation areas. However, a desire to avoid human–wildlife con?icts often results in trail restrictions; though meant to safeguard visitor safety, these restrictions can curtail park visitors’ opportunities to see wildlife against their wishes and limit a parks economic bene?ts for the local community. Visitor demand for wildlife viewing must be balanced against the need for public safety. Little research has been conducted on the balance between wildlife-viewing opportunities and human safety. This study uses a discrete choice experiment to quantify park visitors’ willingness to pay to view brown bears (Ursus arctos) on hiking trails in Japans Daisetsuzan National Park. A latent class model is applied to capture preference heterogeneity among park visitors. The results reveal that two visitor groups—non-local and local— are involved. Non-local visitors evince signi?cant demand for bear viewing and bear-related lectures from trained guides. They also prefer group tours and round-trip hikes that include currently restricted areas. On the other hand, local visitors are not interested in either bear viewing or group tours; they do not want extra information from the guide but prefer to hike to the closest dest