弟二节英美文学经典.docxVIP

第二节英美文学经典一：知识介绍（一）英国与爱尔兰文学名家名著1: BeowulfBeowulf（贝奥武甫(八世纪初的一篇古英语史诗; 该史诗中的主角), a typical example of old English poetry, is regarded today as the national epic (民族史诗) of the Anglo-Saxons.Literary position: The poem was originally in an oral form, it is written down in the 10th century. Thematically the poem presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggles against the hostile forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader.　　2: Geoffrey Chaucer，1360-1600主要作品有《坎特伯雷故事集》等。作品的主要特点是主题、题材、风格、笔调的多样性及描写人对生活的追求的复杂性。他的代表作品是《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）不仅描绘了31位朝圣者的各个社会阶层，而且也反映了他们各自叙述故事的不同风格，读者广泛，对后世影响很大。The famous character of his works is the Wife of Bath. Chaucer employedthe heroic couplet verse form (英雄双韵诗形式)with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature. He is the father of English poetry.3: William Shakespeare，1566-1616 He is one of the founders of realism in world literature. His dramatic creation often used the method of adaptation. His drama becomes a monument of the English Renaissance. He wrote about his own people and for his own time. His long experience with the stage and his intimate knowledge of dramatic art thus acquired make him a master hand for playwriting. He was skilled in many poetic forms: the song, the sonnet, the couplet, and the dramatic blank verse. He was a great master of the English language. He has been universally acknowledged to be the summit of the English Renaissance, and one of the greatest writers the world over.The greatest comedies: A midsummer night’s dream；The merchant of Venice；As you like it；Twelfth nightThe great tragedies: Hamlet; Othello; King Lear; Macbeth. They have some characteristics in common. Each portrays some noble hero, who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation. The histories: King John; Richard II; Henry IV; Henry V; Richard IIIPoems: Venus and Adoni