雷电脉冲频谱解答.docxVIP

摘要 自古以来，雷电就是一种令人畏惧的自然现象。雷击灾难是雷雨云中的电能释放、击中物体而造成损失的灾难现象。雷电击中房屋建筑会导致严重的经济损失，而且往往还伴随有生命的伤亡。在雷电天气，通信时常会受到干扰或者彻底被切断，因此给人们造成很大的影响，不得不说，雷电对我们的生活有着密切的联系。通过研究雷电放电特性，从而提出切实可行的雷电防护方案。至今，我国对雷电理论研究还不够完善，在接地方面的规定规范不够全面，无法全面满足设计要求，所以还不能完全有效的进行雷电防护。国内目前对雷电流特性的研究多基于雷电流的双指数模型的研究,而国际电工委员会在其1995年的文件IEC1312-1中提出的霍德勒模型并没有引起国内相关同行的足够重视,有些防雷方面的研究仍然引用双指数模型或其他模型,对霍德勒模型缺乏系统的研究。本文选取了至今为止仍然被国内广泛采用的双指数模型和国际电工委员会在文件IEC1312-1中推荐的霍德勒模型作为研究对象。主要工作是分析它们各自的雷电流特性,运用MATLAB软件绘制出这两种模型的雷电流波形图，再对这两种模型的雷电流数学表达式进行频谱分析，绘制出它们的频谱图以及脉冲函数的能谱图。最后的工作是讨论频谱图和能谱图特点，得出雷电防护的结论。从它们各自的频谱分析来看，在低频阶段是雷电流最多的部分，雷电流与频率的关系呈相似反比例函数趋势，频谱越高而雷电流越小。由此可以看出，分析雷电的频谱图对我们研究雷电防护工作提供了极其重要的信息和解决方法。关键词:雷击防护；雷电流特性；双指数模型；快速傅利叶变换；频谱分析AbstractSince a long time ago, lightning is a frightening natural phenomenon.The lightning strike disaster is a nature tragedy that the electric power in thunder-storm clound is released and shoot object. Housing building struck by lightning can cause serious economic losses, but also often accompanied by life casualties.with a lightning storm, communication will often be disturbed or completely cut off,whereby people to the world caused by the impact of large or small,I have to say, lightninghas had incredible closely relatedin our lives.By studying the characteristics of lightning discharges, which put forward practical lightning protection schemes.So far, Chinese lightning theory and computing is still not complete, the provisions of norms in terms of the ground is not complete enough, it can not fully meet the design requirements or fully makelightning protection effective . The lightning currents Heidler model that was provided bythe International Electrotechnical Commission in IEC1312-1 in 1995 didnt cause anenough attention. Some researches of lightning protection still adopt the doubleexponential model or other models.It is lack to study the Heidler modelsystematically. The main work is to analyze their respective lightning current through the matlab and make the lightning current mathematical expression of