2014届高考英语语法专题复习讲义：数词与主谓一致.docVIP

语法专项(七)　数词与主谓一致 考点一　数词基本用法 数词 It is reported that the floods have left about two thousand people homeless. 据报道洪灾使大约两千人无家可归。 She went to the bookstore and bought dozens of books. 她去书店买了许多书。 [考题印证] More than five ________(hundred) doctors and rescuers had got to Yushu County by that time. 解析：考查数词。hundred，thousand，million等数词前用数词来修饰时，用单数，且修饰名词时后不跟介词of。 答案：hundred 2．“数词＋普通名词＋形容词”构成的合成形容词中，数词和普通名词都要用单数形式。 a three-year-old boy一个三岁的男孩 a two-mile-long walk一段两公里的路程 3．基数词中表示“几十”的复数形式可以表达人的岁数或年代。 He is in his late twenties. 他快30了。 The old lady died in her early seventies beside a church in New York. 那位老太太70来岁时就死在了纽约的一个教堂附近。 [考题印证] Hawking became world-famous in his________ (thirty) in ________1970s. 解析：考查数词的用法。in ones thirties意为“在某人三十多岁”时，in/during the 1970s意为“在20世纪70年代”。 答案：thirties；the 考点二　主谓一致 1．就近一致原则。 (1)由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only... but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。 Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。 Are neither you nor I fit for the work? 你和我都不适合这份工作吗？ 注意：“with/along with/together with/including/but/except/like/as well as/no more than/besides/rather than＋名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍与前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。 Henry, rather than Jane and John, is responsible for the loss. 损失的责任应由亨利而不是由简和约翰来承担。 (2)由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pencil and two pens in the pencil-box. 文具盒内有一枝铅笔和两支钢笔。 [考题印证] (2013·福建改编)The famous musician, as well as his students, ________(invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. 解析：本题考查主谓一致用法。题中主语为The famous musician为单数，而且动作发生时间为2012年，应该使用一般过去时态。 答案：was invited 2．意义一致原则。 (1)谓语动词用单数的情况 由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. 那个工人兼作家来自武汉。 “no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and＋no/each/every/many a＋单数名词”作主语。 Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers. 每一个人都很有理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。 Persuading him to join us seems really hard. 劝他加入我们看起来确实难。 To go to bed early