国际商务查尔斯WL希尔第七版原版官方PPTChap002.pptVIP

International Business 7e by Charles W.L. Hill Chapter 2 National Differences in Political Economy Political Systems The political economy of a nation refers to how the political, economic, and legal systems of a country are interdependent; they interact and influence each other, and in doing so they affect the level of economic well-being Political Systems Political system refers to the system of government in a nation Political systems can be assessed according to two dimensions the degree to which they emphasize collectivism as opposed to individualism the degree to which they are democratic or totalitarian Collectivism And Individualism Collectivism refers to a political system that stresses the primacy of collective goals over individual goals Collectivism can be traced back to the Greek philosopher, Plato (427-347 BC), but in modern times, collectivism is equated with socialists Collectivism And Individualism Socialists advocate state ownership of the basic means of production, distribution, and exchange State-owned enterprises are managed to benefit society as a whole, rather than individual capitalists In the early 20th century, socialism split into: Communism – socialism can only be achieved through violent revolution and totalitarian dictatorship Social democrats – socialism is achieved through democratic means Classroom Performance System A political system that stresses the primacy of collective goals over individual goals is called a) individualism b) collectivism c) a democracy d) a market economy Collectivism And Individualism By the mid-1990s, communism was in retreat worldwide Social democracy is also retreating as many countries move toward free market economies State-owned enterprises have been privatized Classroom Performance System _____ believe (s) that socialism can only be achieved through violent revolution and totalitarian dictatorship. a) communists b) social democrats c) social republicans d) Plato Collectivism A