基于单片控制自配料系统深刻研究设计书.docVIP

毕业设计论文 基于单片机控制自动配料系统 摘 要 皮带配料系统是一种连续累计自动控制系统，广泛用在煤炭、化工、冶金、建材、食品等关系国计民生的各个行业，配料系统可对物料的配比实现累计量控制，而准确的累计量控制可提高产品质量，降低生产成本，提高劳动效率。 首先介绍了配料系统控制器的国内外发展状况，接着对配料系统的组成结构、工作原理作了介绍。然后根据配料系统流量控制的设计要求，设计了以AT89C52单片机为主控芯片的配料系统控制器。论文分析了系统工作原理和提高调速性能的方法，研究了IGBT模块应用驱动、吸收、保护控制等关键技术。在单片机控制方面，讨论了数字触发、数字测速、数字PWM调制器、转速与电流控制器的原理,并给出了软、硬件实现方案。 系统中使用了光电码盘对直流电机的转速进行测量，用电流互感器对直流电机的电流进行检测，经过滤波电路后，将测量值送到A/D转换器，并且最终作为反馈值输入到单片机进行PI运算，从而实现了对直流电机速度和电流的控制。通过实时测试与调节电动机的转速和电流，此调速系统可获得快速、精确的调速效果。 关键词 直流不可逆调速 PWM信号 数字控制器  ABSTRACT Belt batching system is a continuous totalizing automatic weighing instrument. It has played a critical role in coal, chemical industry, metallurgy, building materials, food and other sectors that are crucial to national economy and peoples livelihood. The cumulative control of some mixed materials batching is realized by batching scale. This accurate cumulative control can cut down the cost of manufacture, improve the quality of the product and enhance the efficiency of labor. The paper first has an introduction to the status of development for batching scale controller at home and abroad, and then components and operating principle of the batching scale. According to the design requirements for flow control of a batching scale, this paper designs a batching scale controller with AT89C52 single chip microcomputer as the master control chip. This paper analyzes the working principles of the system and some key technical issues of the application based on the IGBT apparatus, which include drive circuit, snubbed circuit, protection and controlling the quantity of heat, and so on. In the aspect of microcomputer control, it has discussed the principle of number touch off、number velocity testing、current/velocity controller、number PWM modulator and presents the hardware or software scheme to achieve it. Photoelectric encoder is used in this system to measure the speed of D.C. motor. The result of the measurement is sent to A/D converter after passing the filtering circuit, and