PhysicsII-week2-Electric Potential.pptxVIP

Electrostatics (静电学) Chapter 19 Electric Charge and Electric FieldChapter 20 Gausss Law Chapter 21 Electric PotentialChapter 22 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage Coulomb’s Law (库仑定律) Coulomb’s law describes the electrostatic force (or electric force) between two charged particles. If the particles have charges q1 and q2, are separated by distance r, and are at rest (or moving only slowly) relative to each other, then the magnitude of the force acting on each due to the other is given by where e0=8.85X10-12 C2/Nm2 is the permittivity constant. The ratio 1/4pe0 is often replaced with the electrostatic constant (or Coulomb constant) k=8.99X109 Nm2/C2. [1]. The figure below shows two charged particles on an axis. The charges are free to move. However, a third charged particle can be placed at a certain point such that all three particles are then in equilibrium. Is that point to the left of the first two particles, to their right, or between them? Should the third particle be positively or negatively charged? Problems [2]. A particle of charge -2q is surrounded by a square array of charged particles, separated by either distance d or d/2 along the perimeter of the square. What are the magnitude and direction of the net electrostatic force on the central particle due to the other particles? Problems [3]. Two point clusters of charge situated in free space placed on a line that is called the x-axis. The first, with a positive charge of Q1 = +8e, is at the origin. The second, with a negative charge of Q2 = ?4e, is to the right at a distance equal to 0.2 m. (i) What is the magnitude of the force between them? (ii) Where would you expect to find the position of zero electric field: to the left of Q1, between Q1 and Q2 or to the right of Q2? Briefly explain your choice and then work out the exact position. Problems [4]. The electron in a hydrogen atom orbits the proton at a radius of 5.3 ×10?11 m. (i) What is the proton’s electric field strength at t