单片机交通灯自动控制及时间显示系统研究毕业设计电大考试必备小抄.docVIP

单片机交通灯自动控制及时间显示系统研究 摘 要 单片机微型计算机简称单片机，特别适用于控制领域，故又称为微控制器。通常，单片机由单块集成电路芯片构成，内部包含有计算机的基本功能部件：中央处理器、存储器和I/O接口电路等。因此，单片机只需要和适当的软件及外部设备相结合，便可成为一个单片机控制系统。 目前单片机正朝着高性能和多品种方向发展，它们的CPU功能在增强，内部资源在增多，引脚的多功能化，以及低电压底功耗。考虑到单片机具有物美价廉、功能强、使用方便灵活、可靠性高等特点，所以用单片机来实现十字路口交通信号灯的控制。 近年来随着科技的飞速发展，单片机的应用正在不断深入，同时带动传统控制检测技术日益更新。在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中，单片机往往作为一个核心部件来使用，仅单片机方面知识是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构软硬件结合，加以完善。十字路口车辆穿梭，行人熙攘，车行车道，人行人道，有条不紊，靠的就是交通信号灯的自动指挥系统。 本系统拟采用STC89C52单片机为中心器件来设计交通灯控制器，其中，P0口作为东西南北四个方向左转信号灯的控制信号，P2口作为四个方向直行信号灯的控制信号。P1口作为南北方向的倒计时显示控制口，P3口作为东西方向的倒计时显示控制口。系统外接12MHZ的晶振，在晶振电路中并联两个30PF的电容，起到滤波的作用。发光二极管与系统接口连接时串联一个0.1K的电阻，起到限流作用。系统中发光二极管采用共阳极的连接方式，LED数码显示管采用共阴极连接方式。本系统实用性强、操作简单、扩展功能强。 关键词：单片机,I/O接口,自动控制,交通灯 SCM Traffic Light Control and Time Display System Abstract Single chip micro-computer, referred to as SCM, especially for control of the field, it is also known as micro-controller. Typically, the microcontroller from a single integrated circuit chip structure, internal contains the basic functions of the computer components: CPU, memory and I/O interface circuit. Therefore, the MCU only needs and appropriate combination of software and peripherals can be a microcomputer control system. SCM is moving in the current performance and direction of many varieties, and their function in the enhanced CPU, internal resources are increasing and the function of lead angle, and low voltage underground power. Taking into account the MCU is inexpensive, strong function, easy to use and flexible, high reliability, the single chip to achieve a crossroads with traffic signal control. With the rapid development of science and technology in recent years, SCM applications are deepening at the same time promote more traditional control detection update. In real-time detection and control of the microcomputer application system, the microcontroller is often used as a core component; only the SCM knowledge is inadequate and should be based on specific hardware architecture hardware and software, to be im