大气污染控制Lecture 7-1 General ideas in air pollution control.pptVIP

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大气污染控制Lecture 7-1 General ideas in air pollution control.ppt

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大气污染控制Lecture 7-1 General ideas in air pollution control

Air Pollution Lecture 7-1 General ideas in air pollution control Ⅰ Three alternatives for air pollution control Improving the dispersion of our emission and thereby diluting the pollutants and lower the concentration near the ground level where people often exist . (1) improve dispersion (1) improve dispersion (1) improve dispersion 2001 年度二氧化硫浓度区域分布 2001 年度全国将水 pH 值分布 (1) improve dispersion (1) improve dispersion (1) improve dispersion (1) improve dispersion Reduce emission by process change , pollution prevention (3) Use a downstream pollution control device Ⅱ Designing air pollution control systems and equipment Resource recovery The ultimate fate of pollutants Ⅲ Fluid velocities in air pollution control equipment Ⅳ Minimizing volumetric flow rate and pressure drop Ⅳ Minimizing volumetric flow rate and pressure drop n = molar flow rate R = universal gas constant T1 = inlet absolute temperature k = heat capacity ratio = 1.4 for air and most waste gases η= fan or blower efficiency P1 = inlet absolute pressure of the fan P2 = outlet absolute pressure of the fan Ⅳ Minimizing volumetric flow rate and pressure drop This Lecture and the Next Lecture Exerciser DISCUSSION * Ⅰ Three alternatives for air pollution control Ⅱ air pollution control systems and equipment Ⅲ Fluid velocities in air pollution control equipment Ⅳ Minimizing volumetric flow rate and pressure drop Ⅴ Efficiency, penetration, nines Basic idea Threshold value (1) improve dispersion The population density is 1 person/km2 In a sparely populated area, the pollutant emissions are eliminated by natural removal mechanisms and without causing any damage to the neighbors. In a densely populated world, dispersion is not a satisfactory approach . For example The population density is 29,000 persons/km2 ( Manhattan ) ① Tall stack the ground-level concentration H c h Problem It will certainly decrease all the ground-level concentration near the stack, but